Ingingo z’ingenzi z’ibikubiye mu gitabo cy’Abalewi
Ijambo rya Yehova ni rizima:
Ingingo z’ingenzi z’ibikubiye mu gitabo cy’Abalewi
UHEREYE igihe Abisirayeli bavaniwe mu bucakara muri Egiputa umwaka wari utarashira. Ariko noneho bari bamaze kugirwa ishyanga rishya, kandi bari mu nzira berekeza mu gihugu cy’i Kanaani. Yehova yari afite umugambi wo gutuza ishyanga ryera muri icyo gihugu. Ariko kandi, imibereho y’Abanyakanaani n’imihango y’idini ryabo byari byarononekaye cyane. Ni yo mpamvu Imana y’ukuri yahaye ishyanga rya Isirayeli amategeko yari gutuma ryitandukanya n’andi mahanga kugira ngo rimukorere. Ayo mategeko yanditswe mu gitabo cya Bibiliya cy’Abalewi cyanditswe n’umuhanuzi Mose, uko bigaragara akaba yaracyandikiye mu butayu bwa Sinayi mu mwaka wa 1512 M.I.C. * Icyo gitabo kivuga inkuru z’ibintu byabaye mu kwezi kumwe gusa (Kuva 40:17; Kubara 1:1-3). Yehova yakomeje gusaba abamusenga kuba abera.—Abalewi 11:44; 19:2; 20:7, 26.
Muri iki gihe Abahamya ba Yehova ntibayoborwa n’amategeko Imana yatanze binyuriye kuri Mose. Urupfu rwa Yesu Kristo rwakuyeho ayo mategeko (Abaroma 6:14; Abefeso 2:11-16). Nyamara ariko amategeko ari mu Balewi ashobora kutugirira akamaro, akatwigisha byinshi ku bihereranye no gusenga Imana yacu Yehova.
AMATURO YATURWAGA IMANA KU BUSHAKE N’AYARI ITEGEKO
Mu bitambo n’amaturo bivugwa mu mategeko, hari ibyatangwaga ku bushake n’ibyari itegeko. Urugero nk’igitambo cyoswa, cyatangwaga ku bushake. Icyo gitambo cyose uko cyakabaye cyaturwaga Imana, nk’uko Yesu Kristo yatanze abikunze ubuzima bwe ho igitambo cy’incungu. Igitambo cy’uko umuntu ari amahoro cyatangwaga ku bushake, cyo cyasangirirwaga hamwe. Igice kimwe cyacyo cyaturwaga Imana ku gicaniro, ikindi cyaribwaga n’umutambyi, naho ikindi kikaribwa n’uwatuye igitambo. Mu buryo nk’ubwo, ku Bakristo basizwe, Urwibutso rw’urupfu rwa Kristo ni ifunguro basangirira hamwe.—1 Abakorinto 10:16-22.
Ibitambo by’ibyaha n’ibitambo byo gukuraho urubanza byari itegeko. Ibitambo by’ibyaha byahongeraga ibyaha umuntu yabaga yakoze bimugwiririye, atabigambiriye. Naho ibitambo byo gukuraho urubanza, umuntu yabitambiraga Imana iyo yabaga yahemukiye mugenzi we cyangwa umunyabyaha wihannye akabitamba kugira ngo akomorerwe ku bihano yabaga yafatiwe, cyangwa kubera izo mpamvu zombi. Hari n’ituro ry’ifu baturaga Yehova bamushimira ko yabagiriye ubuntu. Ibyo bintu byose biradushishikaza kubera ko ibitambo byategetswe mu isezerano ry’Amategeko byerekezaga kuri Yesu Kristo n’igitambo yari kuzatanga, cyangwa bikerekeza ku migisha yari kuzaturuka ku gitambo cye.—Abaheburayo 8:3-6; 9:9-14; 10:5-10.
Ibibazo bishingiye ku Byanditswe byashubijwe:
2:11, 12—Kuki Yehova atemeraga ko ubuki buba ‘ituro rikongorwa n’umuriro’? Ubuki buvugwa hano ntibushobora kuba ari ubuki bw’inzuki ubu tuzi. N’ubwo ubuki buvugwa aho ngaho butari bwemewe gushyirwa mu ‘ituro rikongorwa n’umuriro,’ bwari mu ‘muganura w’imyaka yo mu murima’ (2 Ngoma 31:5). Uko bigaragara rero, ubwo buki bwari umutobe w’imbuto. Kubera ko washoboraga gushya ugahinduka inzoga, ntiwari wemewe kuba ituro riturirwa ku gicaniro.
2:13—Kuki ‘ituro ryose’ ryagombaga gushyirwamo umunyu? Ibyo ntibyari bigamije kongera uburyohe bw’ibitambo. Hirya no hino ku isi, umunyu ukoreshwa mu gutuma ibintu bitabora. Birashoboka rero ko washyirwaga mu ituro kubera ko washushanyaga ikintu kitononekaye kandi kitaboze.
Icyo ibyo bitwigisha:
3:17. Kubera ko urugimbu rwabonwaga ko ari igice cyiza cyane kurusha indi myanya yose, kuba Imana yarabujije Abisirayeli kururya, uko bigaragara byatumaga basobanukirwa ko bagomba guha Yehova ibyiza kurusha ibindi (Itangiriro 45:18). Ibyo rero biratwibutsa ko tugomba guha Yehova ibyiza kurusha ibindi.—Imigani 3:9, 10; Abakolosayi 3:23, 24.
7:26, 27. Abisirayeli ntibagombaga kurya amaraso. Imana ibona ko amaraso ashushanya ubuzima. Mu Balewi 17:11 hagira hati “ubugingo bw’inyama buba mu maraso.” Kwirinda amaraso biracyari itegeko no ku basenga Imana by’ukuri muri iki gihe.—Ibyakozwe 15:28, 29.
HASHYIRWAHO UBUTAMBYI BWERA
Ni bande bari barahawe inshingano yo gukora imirimo ijyaniranye n’ibitambo n’amaturo? Iyo yari inshingano y’abatambyi. Mose abitegetswe n’Imana, yayoboye ibirori byo kweza Aroni akaba umutambyi mukuru, n’abahungu be bane bakaba abatambyi bungirije. Uko bigaragara ibyo birori byamaze iminsi irindwi, hanyuma abatambyi batangira imirimo yabo ku munsi ukurikiyeho.
Ibibazo bishingiye ku Byanditswe byashubijwe:
9:9—Kubyarira amaraso ku gicaniro hasi no kuyasiga ku bindi bintu byasobanuraga iki? Ibyo byagaragazaga ko Yehova yemeraga ko amaraso ashobora guhongera ibyaha. Gahunda yose yo guhongera ibyaha yari ishingiye ku maraso. Intumwa Pawulo yaranditse iti “ukurikije amategeko ibintu hafi ya byose byezwa n’amaraso, kandi amaraso atavuye ntihabaho kubabarirwa ibyaha.”—Abaheburayo 9:22.
10:1, 2—Ibyaha by’abahungu ba Aroni ari bo Nadabu na Abihu ni ibihe? Nyuma gato y’aho Nadabu na Abihu bagaragarije imyifatire idakwiriye mu gihe basohozaga inshingano zabo z’ubutambyi, Yehova yabujije abatambyi kunywa vino cyangwa igisindisha igihe bari kuba bakorera mu ihema ry’ibonaniro (Abalewi 10:9). Ibi biragaragaza ko icyo gihe abo bahungu babiri ba Aroni bashobora kuba bari bafite agasamusamu. Icyakora, impamvu yatumye bapfa ni uko bakoresheje “umuriro udakwiriye, uwo [Yehova] atabategetse.”
Icyo ibyo bitwigisha:
10:1, 2. Abagaragu ba Yehova bafite inshingano muri iki gihe, bagomba gukora ibihuje n’ibyo Imana ibasaba. Nanone kandi, ntibagomba kuba abibone igihe basohoza inshingano zabo.
10:9. Ntitugomba kujya gusohoza imirimo twashinzwe n’Imana mu gihe twanyoye ibinyobwa bisindisha.
GUSENGA IMANA BISABA KUGIRA ISUKU
Amategeko Abisirayeli bari barahawe arebana n’ibyo kurya inyamaswa zihumanye n’izidahumanye, yari abafitiye akamaro mu buryo bubiri. Ayo mategeko yabarindaga kwanduzwa na za mikorobi kandi yatumaga baba abantu batandukanye rwose n’amahanga yari abakikije. Andi mategeko yabarindaga kwanduzwa n’intumbi, hari n’andi yarebanaga no kwiyeza kw’abagore bamaze kubyara, icyo bagombaga gukora hari ikibazo cy’ibibembe, no guhumanywa n’ibintu bisohoka mu myanya ndagagitsina y’umugabo cyangwa umugore. Abatambyi bagombaga guhihibikanira ibibazo by’abantu babaga bahumanye.
Ibibazo bishingiye ku Byanditswe byashubijwe:
12:2, 5—Kuki iyo umugore yabyaraga yabaga ‘ahumanye’? Imyanya y’iyororoka yari yararemewe gutambutsa ubuzima butunganye bw’abantu. Icyakora, kubera ingaruka z’icyaha barazwe, ababyeyi baraga abana babo ukudatungana n’ubuzima bwokamwe n’icyaha. Kuba rero iyo umugore yabyaraga yaramaraga igihe ‘ahumanye,’ cyangwa biturutse ku bindi bibazo, urugero nk’ibisohoka mu mugore mu gihe ari mu mugongo cyangwa amasohoro y’umugabo, byabibutsaga ko barazwe kudatungana (Abalewi 15:16-24; Zaburi 51:5; Abaroma 5:12). Amategeko yabasabaga kwiyeza, yafashaga Abisirayeli kwiyumvisha ko bakeneye igitambo cy’incungu cyo gutwikira ibyaha by’abantu no kubagarura mu butungane. Nguko uko Amategeko yababereye ‘umushorera wo kubageza kuri Kristo.’—Abagalatiya 3:24.
15:16-18—“Intanga” zivugwa muri iyi mirongo ni izihe? Uko bigaragara, zishobora kuba ari intanga zisohoka mu muntu iyo yarose nijoro cyangwa izo mu mibonano y’abashakanye.
Icyo ibyo bitwigisha:
11:45. Yehova Imana ni Uwera kandi n’abamukorera umurimo wera, abasaba kuba abera. Bagomba kwiyeza kandi bagakomeza kugira isuku ku mubiri no mu buryo bw’umwuka.—2 Abakorinto 7:1; 1 Petero 1:15, 16.
12:8. Yehova yemereraga abakene gutamba inuma, aho gutamba intama yari ihenze cyane. Yehova yita ku bakene.
TUGOMBA GUKOMEZA KUBA ABERA
Ibitambo bikomeye by’ibyaha byatambwaga ku Munsi w’Impongano wabaga buri mwaka. Abatambyi bo mu muryango wa Lewi batambirwaga ikimasa. Imiryango y’Abisirayeli itari iy’abatambyi yatambirwaga ihene. Indi hene yoherwaga mu butayu ari nzima iyo babaga bamaze kuyivugiraho ibyaha by’abantu. Izo hene zombi zabonwaga ko ari igitambo kimwe cy’ibyaha. Ibyo byose byagaragazaga ko Yesu Kristo na we yari kuzatambwa kandi agatwara ibyaha by’abantu.
Amategeko yarebanaga n’ibyo kurya inyama n’ayarebanaga n’ibindi bintu, atwumvisha ko dukeneye kuba abantu bera mu gihe dusenga Yehova. Mu buryo bukwiriye rero, abatambyi bagombaga gukomeza kuba abera. Iminsi mikuru itatu yabaga buri mwaka yari igihe cy’ibyishimo byinshi, n’igihe cyo gushimira Umuremyi. Yehova yari yarahaye ubwoko bwe amategeko ahereranye no gukoresha nabi izina rye ryera, n’arebana no kubahiriza Amasabato na Yubile, n’uko bagombaga gufata abakene n’abagaragu. Imigisha bari kubona iyo bumvira Yehova igaragarizwa hamwe n’imivumo yari kubageraho iyo bataza kumwumvira. Nanone hariho amategeko yagengaga ibitambo byarebanaga no guhiga umuhigo n’ibiciro bihwanye n’umuhigo wahizwe, uburiza bw’amatungo no gutanga kimwe mu icumi bikaba ‘ibyerejwe Yehova.’
Ibibazo bishingiye ku Byanditswe byashubijwe:
16:29—Ni mu buhe buryo Abisirayeli bagombaga ‘kwibabaza umutima’? Ibyo babikoraga ku Munsi w’Impongano, bikaba byari bifitanye isano no gusaba imbabazi z’ibyaha. Uko bigaragara, icyo gihe kwiyiriza ubusa byagaragazaga ko bemera ko ari abanyabyaha. Ku bw’ibyo, birashoboka cyane rwose ko ‘kwibabaza umutima’ byerekezaga ku kwiyiriza ubusa.
19:27—Itegeko ryo ‘kutogoshera inkokora z’umusatsi kugira ngo izenguke,’ no ‘kutonona inkokora’ z’ubwanwa ryasobanuraga iki? Uko bigaragara, iri tegeko ryahawe Abayahudi kugira ngo ribarinde kwogosha ubwanwa cyangwa umusatsi mu buryo bwigana ibikorwa bimwe bya gipagani (Yeremiya 9:25, 26; 25:23; 49:32). Ariko, iryo tegeko ry’Imana ntiryashakaga kuvuga ko Abayahudi batagombaga kogosha ubwanwa cyangwa umusatsi.—2 Samweli 19:24.
25:35-37—Ese ni ko buri gihe byari bibi kuguriza umuntu ukamusaba ko azakungukira? Niba amafaranga yagujijwe yarajyanwaga mu by’ubucuruzi, uwagurije yashoboraga kwaka inyungu. Icyakora, Amategeko yabuzanyaga gusaba inyungu ku nguzanyo umuntu yatse kubera ubukene yari afite. Gushakira inyungu ku muturanyi wawe w’umukene udafite epfo na ruguru byari bibi.—Kuva 22:25.
26:19—Ni gute ‘ijuru ryari guhinduka nk’icyuma, n’ubutaka bukamera nk’imiringa’? Kubera ko nta mvura yari kuba ikigwa, ijuru ryo mu gihugu cya Kanaani ryari kuba risa n’icyuma gikomeye kitareka ngo amazi atambuke. Kubera ko nta mvura yari kuba igwa, ubutaka bwari kugera aho bukabengerana, bugatukura nk’umuringa.
26:26—Aya magambo ngo ‘abagore icumi bokereza imitsima mu cyokezo kimwe’ asobanura iki? Ubusanzwe buri mugore yabaga akeneye icyokezo cye cyo kokerezamo ibyo yagombaga kotsa byose. Ariko aya magambo arerekana ko hari kubaho inzara ikabije, ku buryo icyokezo kimwe cyari kuba gihagije kugira ngo gikwirwemo ibyokejwe n’abagore icumi. Izi ni zimwe mu ngaruka zari zarahanuwe zari guterwa no kudakomeza kuba abera.
Icyo ibyo bitwigisha:
20:9. Kwangana no kugira amahane Yehova yabonaga ko ari bibi kimwe n’ubwicanyi. Ni yo mpamvu umuntu wavumaga ababyeyi be yamuteganyirije igihano kimwe n’icy’uwabaga yabishe. Mbese ibyo ntibyagombye kudusunikira kugaragariza urukundo bagenzi bacu duhuje ukwizera?—1 Yohana 3:14, 15.
22:32; 24:10-16, 23. Izina rya Yehova ntirigomba gushyirwaho umugayo. Ibinyuranye n’ibyo, tugomba gusingiza izina rye kandi tugasenga dusaba ko ryezwa.—Zaburi 7:17; Matayo 6:9.
UKO IBIVUGWA MU BALEWI BIGIRA INGARUKA KU GUSENGA KWACU
Muri iki gihe Abahamya ba Yehova ntibayoborwa n’Amategeko (Abagalatiya 3:23-25). Nyamara ariko, kubera ko ibivugwa mu Balewi biduha ubumenyi bwimbitse ku bihereranye n’uko Yehova abona ibintu bitandukanye, bishobora kudufasha mu gusenga kwacu.
Uko mukomeza kugenda musoma Bibiliya buri cyumweru mutegura Ishuri ry’Umurimo wa Gitewokarasi, nta gushidikanya ko muzashishikazwa n’ukuntu Imana yacu isaba abagaragu bayo kuba abantu bera. Iki gitabo cyo muri Bibiliya gishobora kudusunikira guha Isumbabyose ibyiza kurusha ibindi, dukomeza buri gihe gusingiza Yehova turi abera.
[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]
^ par. 1 Mbere y’Igihe Cyacu.
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 21]
Ibitambo byatambwaga mu gihe cy’Amategeko byerekezaga kuri Yesu Kristo n’igitambo cye
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 22]
Iminsi Mikuru y’Imitsima Idasembuwe yari ibihe by’ibyishimo byinshi
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 23]
Iminsi mikuru yabaga buri mwaka, urugero nk’Iminsi Mikuru y’Ingando, yabaga ari igihe cyo gushimira Yehova
