Yesu nyawe

YESU amaze kumenya uko abantu bamutekerezaga, abibwiwe n’intumwa ze, yarababajije ati “ariko mwebwe ubwanyu mugira ngo ndi nde?” Ivanjiri yanditswe na Matayo ivuga ko intumwa Petero yashubije igira iti “uri Kristo, Umwana w’Imana ihoraho” (Matayo 16:15, 16). Abandi na bo babibonaga batyo. Natanayeli, nyuma y’aho waje kuba intumwa, yabwiye Yesu ati “Rabi, uri Umwana w’Imana koko; ni wowe Mwami w’Abisirayeli” (Yohana 1:49). Yesu ubwe yavuze ukuntu uruhare afite rukomeye agira ati “ni jye nzira, n’ukuri, n’ubugingo; nta wujya kwa Data, ntamujyanye” (Yohana 14:6). Mu bihe bitandukanye, yiyerekejeho avuga ko ari “Umwana w’Imana” (Yohana 5:24, 25; 11:4). Kandi yatanze igihamya gishyigikira ibyo yavugaga binyuriye mu gukora ibitangaza, ndetse anazura abapfuye.

Mbese, Ibyo Bamushidikanyaho Bifite Ishingiro?

Ariko se koko, dushobora kwizera ibyo Amavanjiri avuga kuri Yesu? Yaba se agaragaza Yesu nyawe? Frederick F. Bruce, wigishaga ibyo kujora Bibiliya no kuyisobanura muri Kaminuza ya Manchester ho mu Bwongereza, yagize ati “ubusanzwe, kugaragaza ukuri kw’akantu kose ko mu nyandiko ya kera ushingiye ku bihamya byo mu mateka ntibishoboka, iyo nyandiko yaba ari iyo muri Bibiliya cyangwa atari iya Bibiliya. Birahagije kugira icyizere gishyize mu gaciro cy’uko muri rusange umwanditsi wayo ari uwiringirwa; iyo umaze kumugirira icyo cyizere, icyo gihe biba bishoboka cyane kwemera ko n’ibyo yanditse ari ukuri bitabaye ngombwa ko ushakisha ibindi bihamya. . . . Kuba Abakristo bemera ko Isezerano Rishya ari ‘inyandiko yera’ si impamvu yatuma tubona ko atari iryo kwiringirwa mu birebana n’amateka.”

Mu gihe uwitwa James R. Edwards wigisha iyobokamana muri Kaminuza y’i Jamestown, North Dakota, ho muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika yari amaze gusuzuma ibyo abantu bashidikanyaho ku birebana n’uko Yesu avugwa mu Mavanjiri, yaranditse ati “dushobora kwemeza dufite icyizere ko Amavanjiri atanga igihamya kigizwe n’ibintu bitandukanye kandi bikomeye cy’ibintu by’ukuri byabaye kuri Yesu. . . . Igisubizo gihuje n’ubwenge kurusha ibindi byose ku kibazo cyo kumenya impamvu Amavanjiri agaragaza Yesu nk’uko amugaragaza, ni ukubera ko uko amusobanura ari ko Yesu yari ari koko. Amavanjiri agaragaza mu budahemuka ipica yasigiye abigishwa be, akagaragaza ko mu by’ukuri yari yaratumwe n’Imana kandi ko yahawe ububasha kugira ngo abe Umwana w’Imana n’Umukozi wayo.” *

Dushakishe Yesu

Bite se ku birebana n’inyandiko zitari iza Bibiliya zivuga ibya Yesu Kristo? Bazibona bate? Ibitabo bya Tacite, Suétone, Josèphe, Pline le jeune n’abandi banditsi bake bo mu bihe bya kera, bikubiyemo  ahantu henshi herekeza kuri Yesu. Igitabo cyitwa The New Encyclopædia Britannica (1995), cyerekeje kuri izo nkuru kigira kiti “izo nkuru z’abantu badafite aho babogamiye zigaragaza ko mu bihe bya kera ndetse n’abantu barwanyaga Ubukristo batigeze bashidikanya niba Yesu yarabayeho koko, ibyo bikaba byaratangiye kugibwaho impaka bwa mbere mu mpera z’ikinyejana cya 18, mu cya 19 no mu ntangiriro z’ikinyejana cya 20, kandi izo mpaka zikaba zari zishingiye ku mpamvu zidafatika.”

Ikibabaje ariko, intiti zo muri iki gihe mu mihati zishyiraho zishakisha Yesu “nyawe” cyangwa “wabayeho mu mateka,” zisa n’aho zapfukiranye isura nyakuri ya Yesu binyuriye mu bintu byinshi byo gukekeranya bidafite aho bishingiye, no mu gushidikanya kudafite ishingiro hamwe no gushyiraho inyigisho zitagira shinge na rugero. Mu buryo runaka, bashinja abanditsi b’Amavanjiri bababeshyera ngo banditse imigani y’imihimbano, kandi ari bo bayihindura imigani y’imihimbano. Bamwe usanga baba bashishikajwe cyane no kurushaho kumenyekana mu bandi bantu no gutuma izina ryabo riboneka mu nyigisho nshya zituma abantu bakangarana, ku buryo bananirwa gusuzuma ibihamya byerekeranye na Yesu nta ho babogamiye. Mu gihe babigenza batyo, biremera undi “Yesu” ugizwe n’ibyavuye mu bitekerezo by’intiti.

Ku bantu bifuza kumenya Yesu nyawe, bashobora kumusanga muri Bibiliya. Uwitwa Luke Johnson, wigisha iby’Isezerano Rishya hamwe n’inkomoko ya Gikristo mu kigo cya Candler School of Theology muri Kaminuza ya Emory, yavuze ko abakora ubushakashatsi hafi ya bose ku bihereranye na Yesu wo mu mateka birengagiza intego ya Bibiliya. Yavuze ko gusuzuma imimerere yariho mu gihe cya Yesu mu birebana n’imibereho y’abaturage, politiki n’umuco, bishobora gushishikaza. Ariko kandi, yongeyeho ko iyo ubonye uwo intiti zita ko ari Yesu wo mu mateka, “usanga ari nta ho bihuriye n’intego y’Ibyanditswe,” byo “byibanda  cyane ku gusobanura imico ya Yesu,” ubutumwa bwe n’uruhare afite rwo kuba Umucunguzi. None se, imico nyakuri ya Yesu n’ubutumwa bwe, ni ibihe?

Yesu Nyawe

Amavanjiri, ni ukuvuga inkuru enye zo muri Bibiliya zivuga iby’ubuzima bwa Yesu, agaragaza umugabo wagaragazaga umuco wo kwishyira mu mwanya w’abandi cyane. Impuhwe n’imbabazi ni byo byasunikiraga Yesu gufasha abantu babaga barwaye, barahumye, cyangwa bafite ubundi bumuga (Matayo 9:36; 14:14; 20:34). Urupfu rw’incuti ye Lazaro, hamwe n’intimba rwateye bashiki ba Lazaro, byatumye Yesu “asuhuza umutima . . . ararira” (Yohana 11:32-36). Mu by’ukuri, Amavanjiri ahishura mu buryo burambuye ibyiyumvo Yesu yagiraga​—ukuntu yagaragarije umubembe ko yumvaga akababaro ke, ukuntu yashimishwaga n’uko abigishwa be babaga bagize icyo bageraho, ukuntu yarakazwaga n’abantu batagiraga impuhwe bibandaga ku mategeko gusa, n’ukuntu yababajwe n’uko Yerusalemu yanze kwemera Mesiya.

Mu gihe Yesu yabaga akoze igitangaza, akenshi yibandaga ku ruhare nyir’ugukorerwa igitangaza yabaga yagize muri ibyo, agira ati “kwizera kwawe kuragukijije” (Matayo 9:22). Yashimagije Natanayeli avuga ko yari “Umwisirayeli nyakuri, udafite uburiganya” (Yohana 1:47). Mu gihe abantu bamwe batekerezaga ko impano umugore yari atanze agaragaza ugushimira yari ikabije guhenda, Yesu yaramurengeye maze avuga ko inkuru ivuga iby’ubuntu bwe izakomeza kwibukwa mu gihe kirekire (Matayo 26:6-13). Yabereye abigishwa be incuti magara kandi abana na bo abagaragariza ubwuzu, kandi “yakomeje kubakunda kugeza imperuka.”​—Yohana 13:1; 15:11-15.

Nanone kandi, Amavanjiri agaragaza ko Yesu yahitaga yiyumvisha ibyo abantu bahuraga na we babaga bakeneye. Haba mu gihe yaganiraga n’umugore ku iriba, igihe yaganiraga n’umwigisha w’idini mu busitani cyangwa igihe yavuganaga n’umurobyi ku kiyaga, yahitaga ababwira ibintu bibakora ku mutima. Iyo Yesu yabaga amaze kubabwira amagambo ya mbere, benshi muri abo bantu bamuhishuriraga ibitekerezo byabo byimbitse. Yabakoraga ku mutima bakabyakira neza. Nubwo abantu bo mu gihe cye bagenderaga kure abantu bari bafite ububasha, Yesu we wasangaga abantu bamwirunzeho ari benshi. Bakundaga kwibera aho Yesu yabaga ari; bumvaga baguwe neza iyo babaga bari kumwe na we. Abana bumvaga bamwisanzuyeho kandi igihe yakoreshaga urugero rw’umwana, ntiyamushyize imbere y’abigishwa be gusa, ahubwo yaranamuteruye “aramukikira” (Mariko 9:36; 10:13-16). Koko rero, Amavanjiri agaragaza ko Yesu yari umuntu ufite impano yo gukundwa n’abantu, ku buryo abantu bamaranye na we iminsi itatu kugira ngo gusa bumve amagambo ye ashishikaje.​—Matayo 15:32.

 Kuba Yesu yari atunganye, ntibyamuteye gukabya kunenga abandi cyangwa kwirata, ngo ashake gutwaza igitugu abantu badatunganye kandi bokamwe n’icyaha yabagamo akanababwirizamo (Matayo 9:10-13; 21:31, 32; Luka 7:36-48; 15:1-32; 18:9-14). Yesu ntiyigeze ashaka gushyira amananiza ku bandi. Ntiyigeze yikoreza abantu imitwaro. Ahubwo yaravuze ati “mwese abarushye . . . nimuze munsange, ndabaruhura.” Abigishwa be biboneye ko yari ‘umugwaneza kandi yoroheje mu mutima’; umugogo we ntiwari uruhije kandi umutwaro we ntiwari uremereye.​—Matayo 11:28-30.

Kamere ya Yesu igaragazwa mu nkuru z’Amavanjiri mu buryo buhuje n’ukuri kudasubirwaho. Ntibyari korohera abantu bane banyuranye guhimba umuntu ufite kamere idasanzwe, ngo nibarangiza bagaragaze iyo kamere ye mu buryo budahindagurika mu nkuru enye zitandukanye. Birasa n’ibidashoboka ko abanditsi bane batandukanye basobanura umuntu umwe kandi bose bakamusobanura kimwe mu buryo budahindagurika, uwo muntu aramutse atarabayeho koko.

Umuhanga mu by’amateka witwa Michael Grant, yabajije ikibazo gikangura ibitekerezo kigira kiti “bishoboka bite ko mu nkuru z’Amavanjiri zose hatavuyeho n’imwe, hagaragaramo ipica iteye ukwayo y’umusore mwiza wifatanyaga n’abagore b’ingeri zose nta cyo yishisha, hakubiyemo n’abari bafite imyifatire mibi bikabije, nta kanunu ko gukabya kugaragaza ibyiyumvo, guhindura imyifatire ye cyangwa kugira amasonisoni adafashije, ariko kandi buri gihe agakomeza kuba indakemwa kandi agashikama?” Igisubizo gihuje n’ubwenge ni uko uwo muntu yabayeho koko kandi akaba yarakoze ibihuje n’ibyo Bibiliya imuvugaho.

Yesu Nyawe n’Imibereho Yawe yo mu Gihe Kizaza

Uretse kuba Bibiliya igaragaza neza uko Yesu yari ameze igihe yari hano ku isi, inagaragaza ko yari yarabanje kubaho mbere y’uko aba umuntu ari Umwana w’Imana w’ikinege, ‘imfura mu byaremwe byose’ (Abakolosayi 1:15). Mu myaka ibihumbi bibiri ishize, Imana yimuye ubuzima bw’Umwana wayo wo mu ijuru ibushyira mu nda y’umukobwa w’isugi w’Umuyahudikazi kugira ngo avuke ari umuntu (Matayo 1:18). Mu gihe cy’umurimo wa Yesu wo ku isi, yatangaje ko Ubwami bw’Imana ari bwo muti umwe rukumbi w’ibibazo bihangayikisha abantu, kandi yatoje abigishwa be kugira ngo bakomeze umurimo wo kubwiriza. —⁠Matayo 4:17; 10:5-7; 28:19, 20.

Ku itariki ya 14 Nisani (ahagana ku itariki ya 1 Mata) mu mwaka wa 33 I.C., Yesu yarafashwe, araburanishwa, acirwa urubanza maze yicwa bamuhoye ibinyoma bamushinje by’uko ngo yagandishaga abantu (Matayo 26:18-20, 26:48–27:50). Urupfu rwa Yesu rwabaye incungu, rubohora abantu bizera rubavana mu mimerere y’icyaha, maze muri ubwo buryo rwugururira abantu bose bamwizera inzira igana mu buzima bw’iteka (Abaroma 3:23, 24; 1 Yohana 2:2). Ku itariki ya 16 Nisani, Yesu yarazutse, maze nyuma y’aho gato arazamuka asubira mu ijuru (Mariko 16:1-8; Luka 24:50-53; Ibyakozwe 1:6-9). Kubera ko Yesu wazutse ari Umwami wimitswe na Yehova, ubu afite ububasha bwose bwo gusohoza umugambi wa mbere Imana yari ifitiye abantu (Yesaya 9:5, 6, umurongo wa 6 n’uwa 7 muri Biblia Yera; Luka 1:32, 33). Ni koko, Bibiliya igaragaza ko Yesu afite uruhare rw’ingenzi mu isohozwa ry’imigambi y’Imana.

Mu kinyejana cya mbere, hari abantu benshi bemeye ko Yesu yari Mesiya wasezeranyijwe, cyangwa Kristo, woherejwe mu isi kugira ngo avane umugayo ku butegetsi bw’ikirenga bwa Yehova kandi ngo apfe bityo abe incungu y’abantu (Matayo 20:28; Luka 2:25-32; Yohana 17:25, 26; 18:37). Mu gihe abantu bari bahanganye n’ibitotezo bikaze, rwose ntibari kumva basunikiwe kuba abigishwa ba Yesu iyo baza kuba batazi neza uwo yari we. Basohoje ubutumwa yari yarabahaye babigiranye ubutwari n’umwete, ubutumwa bwo ‘guhindura abantu bo mu mahanga yose abigishwa.’​—Matayo 28:19.

Muri iki gihe, Abakristo babarirwa muri za miriyoni bafite imitima itaryarya kandi bazi neza ibyo bemera, bazi ko Yesu atari umuntu wo mu migani y’imihimbano. Bemera ko ari Umwami wimitswe w’Ubwami bw’Imana buganje mu ijuru, ko ari hafi kuyobora ibibera ku isi byose. Ubwo butegetsi bw’Imana ni ubutumwa bwitabirwa neza bitewe n’uko busezeranya kuzakuraho ibibazo by’abantu. Abakristo b’ukuri bashyigikira Umwami watoranyijwe n’Imana mu budahemuka binyuriye mu gutangariza abandi “ubu butumwa bwiza bw’ubwami.”​—Matayo 24:14.

Abantu bashyigikira gahunda y’Ubwami bwa Kristo, Umwana w’Imana ihoraho, bazabaho bishimira imigisha y’iteka. Nawe ushobora kuzabona kuri iyo migisha! Abanditsi b’iyi gazeti bazishimira kugufasha kumenya Yesu nyawe.

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]

[Agasanduku/Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 6]

Ibyo Abandi Bavuze

“Jye nasanze Yesu w’i Nazareti ari umwe mu bigisha bakomeye cyane kurusha abandi bose babaye ku isi. . . . Nzabwira Abahindu ko ubuzima bwanyu buzaba butuzuye, keretse nimwiga inyigisho za Yesu mu buryo burangwa no kubaha.”Byavuzwe na Mohandas K. Gandhi, mu gitabo cyitwa The Message of Jesus Christ.

“Umuntu nyamuntu koko, wuzuye rwose, udahindagurika, utunganye rwose, urangwa na kamere ya kimuntu cyane ariko kandi akaba arusha abandi bantu bose gukomera, ntashobora kuba yarahimbwe cyangwa ari uwo mu nzozi. . . . Byasaba kubona umuntu uruta Yesu kugira ngo uhimbe Yesu.” Byavuzwe na Philip Schaff, mu gitabo cyitwa History of the Christian Church.

“Kuvuga ko mu gihe kimwe abantu bake kandi boroheje baba barahimbye inkuru ihereranye n’umuntu ukomeye cyane kandi ushishikaje bene ako kageni, bakihimbira ibyo kujya bagira imyifatire ihanitse mu birebana n’umuco hamwe n’igitekerezo gishishikaje cyane cyo kugirana imishyikirano ya kivandimwe, byaba ari igitangaza gikomeye cyane kuruta ibindi byose byanditswe mu Mavanjiri.” Byavuzwe na Will Durant, mu gitabo cyitwa Caesar and Christ.

“Bishobora gusa n’aho bitumvikana ko idini rikwiye isi yose ryaba ryarakomotse ku muntu utarigeze abaho, wahimbwe ngo abe igikoresho bifashisha bakurura abantu, cyane cyane iyo utekereje ko hari abantu benshi badashidikanywaho ko babayeho koko bagiye bagerageza gushinga amadini bikabananira.” Byavuzwe na Gregg Easterbrook,

mu gitabo cyitwa Beside Still Waters.

‘Jye umuhanga mu by’amateka, nemera ntashidikanya rwose ko uko Amavanjiri yaba ari kose atari imigani yahimbwe na rubanda. Nta bucakura burimo ku buryo wayita imigani ya rubanda. Ibyinshi mu byabaye mu mibereho ya Yesu ntitubizi, kandi nta bantu baba barimo bahimba inkuru ya rubanda bareka ngo bigende bityo.’Byavuzwe na C. S. Lewis, mu gitabo cyitwa God in the Dock.

[Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 7]

Amavanjiri ahishura mu buryo burambuye ibyiyumvo Yesu yagiraga