Ibibazo by’abasomyi

Kuki muri 2 Petero 3:13 Bibiliya ya New World Translation ivuga iby’ “amajuru mashya [mu bwinshi] n’isi nshya,” mu gihe mu Byahishuwe 21:1 hahanura ko hazabaho “ijuru rishya [mu bumwe] n’isi nshya”?

Mu buryo bw’ibanze, ibyo biterwa n’amategeko y’ikibonezamvugo cy’indimi z’umwimerere. Birasa n’aho bidafite ikindi kintu cyihariye bisobanura.

Reka mbere na mbere dusuzume Ibyanditswe bya Giheburayo. Mu mwandiko w’ururimi rw’umwimerere, ijambo ry’Igiheburayo sha·maʹyim, rihindurwa ngo “ijuru (amajuru),” buri gihe riba riri mu bwinshi. Kuba riri mu bwinshi bisa n’aho bitagaragaza ubwinshi bwo mu buryo bw’ikirenga, ahubwo bigaragaza igitekerezo cy’ubwinshi “bitewe n’ukuntu ryagutse,” cyangwa igitekerezo “cy’ikintu rusange kigizwe n’ibice byinshi utabara.” Ibyo byumvikanira mu kuba ijuru tubona turi ku isi ryagutse cyane impande zose kandi rikaba rikubiyemo inyenyeri zibarirwa muri za miriyari. Mu gihe ijambo sha·maʹyim rifite indanga nsobanuzi, incuro hafi ya zose Bibiliya ya New World Translation irihindura ngo “amajuru,” urugero nko muri Yesaya 66:22. Mu gihe ijambo sha·maʹyim ribonetse ridafite indanga nsobanuzi, rishobora guhindurwa mu bumwe (“ijuru,” urugero nko mu Itangiriro 1:8; 14:19, 22; Zaburi 69:35, umurongo wa 34 muri Biblia Yera) cyangwa mu bwinshi (“amajuru,” urugero nko mu Itangiriro 49:25; Abacamanza 5:4; Yobu 9:8; Yesaya 65:17).

Muri Yesaya 65:17 na 66:22, ijambo ry’igiheburayo ryahinduwemo amajuru riri mu bwinshi, kandi uburyo budahindagurika bwatoranyijwe bwo guhindura iyo mirongo ni “amajuru mashya n’isi nshya.”

Ijambo ry’Ikigiriki ou·ra·nos risobanurwa ngo “ijuru,” naho iyo riri mu bwinshi ou·ra·noiʹ rigasobanurwa ngo “amajuru.” Mu buryo bushishikaje, abahinduzi bahinduye Bibiliya y’Ikigiriki yitwa Septante na bo barikoresheje mu bumwe muri Yesaya 65:17 na 66:22.

None se, bite ku bihereranye n’ahantu habiri haboneka interuro “ijuru rishya [cyangwa amajuru] n’isi nshya” mu Byanditswe bya Gikristo bya Kigiriki?

Muri 2 Petero 3:13 intumwa yakoresheje ijambo ry’Ikigiriki mu bwinshi. Mbere y’aho ngaho (ku murongo wa 7, 10 n’uwa 12), yavuze iby’ “amajuru” mabi yo muri iki gihe, ikoresheje ijambo riri mu bwinshi. Bityo, mu gihe yarikoreshaga mu bwinshi ku murongo wa 13, ntiyari irimo ihindagura amagambo. Byongeye kandi, isa n’iyari irimo isubiramo amagambo y’umwimerere yo muri Yesaya 65:17, aho ijambo ry’Igiheburayo riri mu bwinshi, kimwe no muri 2 Petero 2:22, aho yasubiyemo amagambo yo mu mwandiko w’Igiheburayo yo mu Migani 26:11. Bityo, Petero yerekeje ku ‘majuru mashya [mu bwinshi] n’isi nshya dutegereje, nk’uko yasezeranyije.’

Mu buryo butandukanye ho gato n’ubwo, mu Byahishuwe 21:1 intumwa Yohana isa n’aho yakoresheje amagambo yo muri Yesaya 65:17 mu buryo buhuje n’uko yahinduwe muri Septante; nk’uko twabivuze, ijambo ry’Ikigiriki ryahinduwemo “ijuru” muri ubwo buhinduzi rikaba riri mu bumwe. Bityo rero, ibyo Yohana yanditse ni ibi bikurikira: “nabonye ijuru rishya [mu bumwe] n’isi nshya; kuko ijuru rya mbere n’isi ya mbere byari byavuyeho.”

Ibyo ni amategeko yo mu kibonezamvugo afitanye isano n’ubuhinduzi. Ni ngombwa ko tubisubiramo ko mu gihe umuntu asomye cyangwa se avuze “amajuru mashya” cyangwa “ijuru rishya,” nta tandukaniro riba rihari. Iyo mikoreshereze yombi isobanura ikintu kimwe.

[Aho ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 31 yavuye]

Inyenyeri: Frank Zullo