1918—Hashize imyaka ijana
Umunara w’Umurinzi wo ku itariki ya 1 Mutarama 1918, wabimburirwaga n’amagambo agira ati: “Umwaka wa 1918 uduhishiye iki?” Icyo gihe, Intambara ya Mbere y’Isi Yose yayogozaga u Burayi, ariko ibyabaye mu ntangiriro z’uwo mwaka byatumye Abigishwa ba Bibiliya n’isi yose muri rusange, babona ko ibintu byari kuzaba byiza.
AMAHANGA ASHAKISHA AMAHORO
Ku itariki ya 8 Mutarama 1918, Woodrow Wilson wari perezida wa Amerika yatanze disikuru imbere y’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko, avugamo ingingo 14 yatekerezaga ko zari iz’ingenzi kugira ngo haboneke “amahoro nyakuri kandi arambye.” Yavuze ko amahanga akwiriye kujya mu mishyikirano, akagabanya intwaro kandi hagashyirwaho “ishyirahamwe mpuzamahanga” ryari kuzagirira akamaro “ibihugu binini n’ibito.” Izo “Ngingo Cumi n’Enye” ni zo baje gushingiraho bashinga Umuryango w’Amahanga, kandi ni zo zifashishijwe mu gihe cy’Amasezerano y’i Versailles, bituma Intambara ya Mbere y’Isi Yose irangira.
ABARWANYAGA ABIGISHWA BA BIBILIYA BATSINDWA
Nubwo umwaka wa 1917 wari wararanzwe n’imidugararo, * Abigishwa ba Bibiliya bari bafite ikizere cy’uko bari kuzagira amahoro, nk’uko byagaragazwaga n’ibyabaye mu nama ngarukamwaka y’umuryango wo mu rwego rw’amategeko wakoreshwaga n’Abigishwa ba Bibiliya (Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society).
Muri iyo nama yabaye ku itariki ya 5 Mutarama 1918, abagabo bari barirukanywe kuri Beteli, bakaba bari bafite inshingano ziremereye, bashatse kuyobora uwo muryango. Iyo nama yatangijwe n’isengesho ryatanzwe n’umugenzuzi usura amatorero w’indahemuka witwaga Richard H. Barber. Bamaze gusoma raporo y’ibyari byarakozwe mu mwaka wabanjirije uwo, hakurikiyeho amatora y’abayobozi b’uwo muryango. Umuvandimwe Barber yatanze amazina y’abakandida barindwi, harimo na Joseph Rutherford. Nyuma yaho, umwavoka wari ushyigikiye abarwanyaga Abigishwa ba Bibiliya na we yatanze abandi bakandida barindwi, harimo na ba bandi bari barirukanywe kuri Beteli, ariko batsinzwe amatora. Abanyamuryango batoye Umuvandimwe Rutherford n’abandi bavandimwe b’indahemuka batandatu.
Abavandimwe benshi bari baje muri iyo nama bavuze ko “ari yo yabashimishije kurusha izindi zose bagiyemo.” Ariko ibyo byishimo ntibyamaze kabiri.
UKO IGITABO GISHYA CYAKIRIWE
Abigishwa ba Bibiliya bari bamaze amezi runaka batanga igitabo gishya cyasobanuraga ubuhanuzi (Le mystère accompli). Abasomyi b’imitima itaryarya bakiriye neza icyo gitabo.
Umugenzuzi usura amatorero wo muri Kanada witwaga E. F. Crist yagize icyo avuga ku mugabo n’umugore we basomye icyo gitabo mu byumweru bitanu gusa, maze bagahita bemera ukuri! Yaravuze ati: “Bombi bari bafite ishyaka kandi bagize amajyambere yihuse.”
Hari undi muntu wabonye icyo gitabo, ahita akereka inshuti ze. Yakibonye mu buryo butunguranye. Yaravuze ati: “Ubwo namanukaga mu muhanda, nagiye kumva numva ikintu kinyituye ku rutugu ngira ngo ni itafari, ariko ndebye mbona ni icyo gitabo. Nakijyanye mu rugo, maze ndagisoma ndakirangiza. . . . Naje
kumenya ko ari umubwirizabutumwa . . . wari wakijugunye akinyujije mu idirishya kubera uburakari . . . Icyo gitabo cyatumye abantu benshi bamenya ukuri kuruta inyigisho zose uwo mubwirizabutumwa yigishije cyangwa ibindi bikorwa byose yakoze. . . . Umujinya we watumye dusingiza Imana.”Uwo mubwirizabutumwa si we wenyine cyarakaje. Ku itariki ya 12 Gashyantare 1918, abategetsi bo muri Kanada batangaje ko icyo gitabo giciwe, bavuga ko kirimo ibitekerezo bishishikariza abantu kwigomeka ku butegetsi kandi bidashyigikira intambara. Nyuma yaho gato, abategetsi bo muri Amerika na bo batangaje ko giciwe. Abategetsi bagiye gusaka mu mazu ya Beteli no mu biro byari muri leta ya New York, iya Penisilivaniya n’iya Kaliforuniya, bashakisha ibimenyetso byo gushinja abari bayoboye umuryango wacu. Ku itariki ya 14 Werurwe 1918, Urwego Rushinzwe Ubutabera muri Amerika rwatangaje ko icyo gitabo kitemewe, ruvuga ko kugicapa no kugitanga byatumye abantu bagabanya umwete bari bafite mu ntambara, kandi ko binyuranyije n’Itegeko Rigenga Ubutasi.
ABAYOBORAGA UMURYANGO BAFUNGWA
Ku itariki ya 7 Gicurasi 1918, Urwego Rushinzwe Ubutabera rwasohoye impapuro zo guta muri yombi Giovanni DeCecca, George Fisher, Alexander Macmillan, Robert Martin, Frederick Robison, Joseph Rutherford, William Van Amburgh na Clayton Woodworth. Bashinjwaga “kuba ibigande, kwigomeka, gukora ibikorwa binyuranyije n’amategeko, ubuhemu no kwanga kujya mu gisirikare.” Urubanza rwabo rwatangiye ku itariki ya 5 Kamena 1918, ariko ikizere cyo gutsinda cyari gike cyane. Kubera iki?
Umushinjacyaha mukuru wa Amerika yavuze ko Itegeko Rigenga Ubutasi bashinjwaga ko barenzeho, ari ryo ryashingirwagaho bacira imanza abayobyaga abaturage. Ku itariki ya 16 Gicurasi 1918, Inteko Ishinga Amategeko yanze ko iryo tegeko rivugururwa kugira ngo rirengere abantu batangazaga ukuri, babitewe n’impamvu zikwiriye kandi bafite intego nziza. Igitabo cyasobanuraga ubuhanuzi, cyari kimwe mu byagibwagaho impaka. Ku birebana n’icyo gitabo, inyandiko z’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko ya Amerika zaravugaga ziti: “Kimwe mu bikoresho biteje akaga cyane ni igitabo gisobanura ubuhanuzi . . . Gituma abasirikare bumva ko nta mpamvu ifatika ituma barwana, . . . ku buryo abantu banga kwiyandikisha mu gisirikare.”
Ku itariki ya 20 Kamena 1918, inteko y’abacamanza yahamije ibyaha abo bavandimwe bose uko ari umunani. Umunsi ukurikiyeho, umucamanza yasomye umwanzuro w’urubanza. Yaravuze ati: “Ibitekerezo byo mu rwego rw’idini abaregwa bamamaje bashyizeho umwete . . . biteje akaga gakomeye kuruta akaterwa n’umutwe w’Ingabo z’Abadage. . . . Bagomba guhabwa igihano kiremereye.” Nyuma y’ibyumweru bibiri, abo bavandimwe bagiye gufungirwa muri gereza ya Atlanta muri leta ya Jeworujiya. Bagombaga gufungwa imyaka iri hagati ya 10 na 20.
UMURIMO WO KUBWIRIZA UKOMEZA KUJYA MBERE
Muri icyo gihe, Abigishwa ba Bibiliya bahanganye n’ibitotezo bikaze. Urwego Rushinzwe Ubutasi muri
Amerika rwakoze iperereza ku bikorwa byabo, maze babakorera dosiye igizwe n’impapuro nyinshi cyane. Ibyo urwo rwego rwanditse bigaragaza ko abo bavandimwe bari bariyemeje gukomeza kubwiriza.Mu ibaruwa umukozi w’iposita wo mu mugi wa Orlando muri leta ya Folorida yandikiye Urwego Rushinzwe Ubutasi, yaravuze ati: “[Abigishwa ba Bibiliya] bazenguruka umugi wose bakwirakwiza muri buri rugo ibitekerezo byabo kandi akenshi babikora nijoro. . . . Biyemeje gukomeza, n’iyo barwanywa.”
Umukoroneri wakoraga mu Rwego Rushinzwe iby’Intambara yandikiye Urwego Rushinzwe Ubutasi ibirebana n’umurimo wa Frederick W. Franz, waje kuba umwe mu bari bagize Inteko Nyobozi. Yaranditse ati: “F. W. Franz . . . amaze kugurisha imibumbe myinshi y’igitabo gisobanura ubuhanuzi.”
Charles Fekel, na we waje kuba umwe mu bari bagize Inteko Nyobozi, yahuye n’ibitotezo bikaze. Abategetsi bamufunze bamushinja ko akwirakwiza igitabo gisobanura ubuhanuzi, kandi bagenzuraga abantu yandikiranaga na bo. Yafungiwe muri gereza y’i Baltimore muri leta ya Merilandi, amaramo ukwezi kose. Bamwitaga “umwanzi wo muri Otirishiya.” Igihe yabwirizaga ashize amanga abamuhataga ibibazo, yibutse amagambo ya Pawulo ari mu 1 Abakorinto 9:16, agira ati: “Ntatangaje ubutumwa bwiza nabona ishyano!” *
Abigishwa ba Bibiliya babwirizaga babigiranye ishyaka, bakanasaba abantu gushyira umukono ku nyandiko yasabaga ko abavandimwe bari muri gereza ya Atlanta barekurwa. Anna K. Gardner yaravuze ati: “Ntitwigeze duterera iyo. Igihe abavandimwe bacu bari bafunzwe, twagiye gushaka abashyira umukono ku nyandiko yasabaga ko barekurwa. Twagiye ku nzu n’inzu, kandi abantu babarirwa mu bihumbi bayishyizeho umukono. Twababwiraga ko abo bavandimwe ari Abakristo b’ukuri kandi ko bafunzwe barengana.”
AMAKORANIRO
Muri icyo gihe kitari cyoroshye, habaye amakoraniro menshi yakomeje abavandimwe mu buryo bw’umwuka. Umunara w’Umurinzi waravuze uti: ‘Muri uwo mwaka . . . habaye amakoraniro asaga mirongo ine. . . . Raporo zaturukaga muri ayo makoraniro zose zabaga zishishikaje. Kera ayo makoraniro yabaga inshuro nke mu mwaka, ariko ubu aba buri kwezi.’
Abantu b’imitima itaryarya bakiraga neza ubutumwa bwiza. Mu ikoraniro rimwe ryabereye i Cleveland, muri leta ya Ohiyo, hateranye abantu bagera ku 1.200 habatizwa 42, harimo n’umwana w’umuhungu wagaragazaga ko “akunda Imana cyane kandi akayikorera abigiranye ishyaka, agakoza isoni abantu benshi bakuze.”
HABAYE IKI NYUMA YAHO?
Uko iherezo ry’umwaka wa 1918 ryagendaga ryegereza, ikizere Abigishwa ba Bibiliya bari bafite cyagendaga kiyoyoka. Igice k’ikibanza bari bafite i Brooklyn cyari cyaragurishijwe, maze ikicaro gikuru kimurirwa i Pittsburgh, muri leta ya Penisilivaniya. Abayoboraga umuryango wacu bari bakiri muri gereza, kandi indi nama ngarukamwaka yateganywaga ku itariki ya 4 Mutarama 1919. Byari kugenda bite?
Abavandimwe bacu bakomeje umurimo. Kuko bari bizeye ko ibintu byari kuzagenda neza, batoranyije isomo ry’umwaka wa 1919 rigira riti: “Intwaro yose yacuriwe kukurwanya nta cyo izageraho” (Yes 54:17). Ibintu byari bigiye guhinduka, Abigishwa ba Bibiliya bakagira ukwizera gukomeye, maze bakarushaho gukora umurimo wari ubategereje.
^ par. 6 Reba ingingo ivuga ngo: “1917—Hashize imyaka ijana,” mu Gitabo nyamwaka cy’Abahamya ba Yehova cyo mu mwaka wa 2017, ku ipaji ya 172-176.
^ par. 22 Reba inkuru ya Charles Fekel, mu Munara w’Umurinzi wo ku itariki ya 15 Ugushyingo 1970, ku ipaji ya 696 (mu Gifaransa).