Shoko raJehovha Ibenyu

Pfungwa Huru Dzatinowana Mubhuku raEzra

BHUKU reBhaibheri raEzra rinotangira panosiyira bhuku reMakoronike Rechipiri. Munyori waro, mupristi Ezra, anotanga nhoroondo yacho nokupiwa kwomurayiro naMambo Koreshi wePezhiya unobvumira kuti vakasara venhapwa dzechiJudha dziri kuBhabhironi vadzokere kunyika yokumusha kwavo. Nhoroondo yacho inopera Ezra paanotora matanho okuchenesa vaya vakazvisvibisa nevanhu vomunyika yacho. Makore ose anotaurwa nebhuku racho i70—kubvira muna 537 kusvikira muna 467 B.C.E.

Pakunyora bhuku racho, Ezra ane chinangwa chakajeka: kuratidza kuti Jehovha akazadzika sei chipikirwa Chake chokusunungura vanhu Vake vaive nhapwa muBhabhironi uye kuita kuti vatangezve kunamata nenzira yechokwadi muJerusarema. Nokudaro, Ezra anonyanya kusimbisa zviitiko zvine chokuita neizvi chete. Bhuku raEzra inhoroondo yokuti temberi yakavakwazve sei uye kuti vanhu vakatangazve sei kunamata Jehovha pasinei nokushorwa uye kusakwana kwevanhu vaMwari. Tinonyanya kufarira nhoroondo yacho nokuti isuwo tiri kurarama panguva iyo vanhu vari kutanga kunamata nenzira yechokwadi. Vakawanda vari kudirana “kugomo raJehovha” uye nyika yose yava kuda ku“zara nokuziva kubwinya kwaJehovha.”—Isaya 2:2, 3; Habhakuki 2:14.

Temberi Inovakwazve

(Ezra 1:1–6:22)

Dzichiteerera murayiro waKoreshi wokusunungurwa, nhapwa dzechiJudha dzinenge 50 000 dzinodzokera kuJerusarema dzichitungamirirwa naGavhuna Zerubhabheri, kana kuti Sheshbhazari. Vari kudzokera vacho vanobva vangoisa atari panzvimbo yayo uye vanotanga kupa zvibayiro kuna Jehovha.

Gore rinotevera racho vaIsraeri vanovaka nheyo yeimba yaJehovha. Vavengi vanoramba vachikanganisa basa rokuvakazve uye vanopedzisira vabudirira kuita kuti mambo ape murayiro wokumbomisa basa racho. Muprofita Hagai naZekariya vanokurudzira vanhu zvokuti vanotangazve kuvaka temberi pasinei nokuti varambidzwa. Kutya kuita zvinopesana nomutemo usingachinjiki wePezhiya wakatanga kupiwa naKoreshi kunoita kuti vavengi vavo varambe vari kure. Kuongorora mutemo kunobudisa pachena murayiro waKoreshi “nezveimba yaMwari iri muJerusarema.” (Ezra 6:3) Basa racho rinofambira mberi zvakanaka uye rinosvika pakupera.

Mibvunzo yeMagwaro Inopindurwa:

1:3-6—VaIsraeri vasina kuzvipira kudzokera kumusha kwavo vakanga vasina kutenda kwakasimba here? Vamwe vangadaro vasina kudzokera kuJerusarema nokuti vakanga vachinyanya kuda zvinhu zvenyama kana kuti vakanga vasingakoshesi kunamata kwechokwadi, asi hazvirevi kuti ndizvo zvakaita kuti vose varege. Kutanga, rwendo rwemakiromita 1 600 rwokuenda kuJerusarema rwaizotora mwedzi mina kana mishanu. Uyezve, kugara munyika yakanga yambova dongo kwemakore 70 uye kutangazve kuvaka zvaizoda simba. Naizvozvo, hapana mubvunzo kuti mamiriro ezvinhu asingafadzi, akaita sezvirwere,  kukwegura, uye mitoro yemhuri, ndiwo akaita kuti vamwe vasadzokera.

2:43—VaNetinimu vaiva vanaani? Ava vaiva vanhu vakanga vasiri vaIsraeri, vaiva varanda kana kuti vashumiri vepatemberi. Vamwe vavo vaiva vaGibhiyoni vomuzuva raJoshua nevamwe “vakaiswa pabasa revaRevhi naDhavhidhi nemachinda.”—Ezra 8:20.

2:55—Vanakomana vevashumiri vaSoromoni vaiva vanaani? Ava vakanga vasiri vaIsraeri vakapiwa ropafadzo chaidzo mubasa raJehovha. Vangadaro vaiva vanyori kana kuti vakopi vaiva patemberi kana kuti vaiva nechimwe chinzvimbo chokutarisira.

2:61-63—Nhapwa dzaidzokera dzaikwanisa kushandisirwawo mijenya yeUrimu neTumimu, yaishandiswa pavaida kuwana mhinduro kuna Jehovha here? Vanhu vaitaura kuti vaiva vedzinza revapristi asi vasingakwanisi kuziva dzinza ravo vairatidza kuti zvavaitaura ndezvechokwadi nokushandisa Urimu neTumimu. Ezra anoti izvi zvaigona kuitika. MuMagwaro hapana pakanyorwa nezvokushandisa Urimu neTumimu panguva iyoyo kana kuti pashure pacho. Maererano netsika dzechiJudha, mijenya yeUrimu neTumimu yakatsakatika pakaparadzwa temberi muna 607 B.C.E.

3:12—Nei “vakwegura vakanga vaona imba yekare” yaJehovha vakachema? Varume ava vaiyeuka kunaka kwakanga kwakaita temberi yakanga yavakwa naSoromoni. Pavaidzienzanisa, vaiona sokuti nheyo yetemberi itsva yai“ita sepasina.” (Hagai 2:2, 3) Zvavaiita zvaizoita kuti temberi iyi ive nembiri sezvakanga zvakaita yekare here? Vanofanira kunge vakaodzwa mwoyo, ndokusaka vakachema.

3:8-10; 4:23, 24; 6:15, 16—Zvakatora makore akawanda zvakadini kuti temberi ivakwezve? Nheyo yetemberi yakaiswa muna 536 B.C.E.—“mugore rechipiri rokuuya kwavo.” Basa rokuvaka rakamiswa mumazuva aMambo Atashasta, muna 522 B.C.E. Basa rakaramba rakamiswa kusvikira muna 520 B.C.E., gore rechipiri raMambo Dhariyasi. Temberi yakazopedzwa mugore rechitanhatu rokutonga kwake, kana kuti muna 515 B.C.E. (Ona bhokisi rine musoro unoti “Madzimambo ePezhiya Kubvira Muna 537 Kusvikira Muna 467 B.C.E.”) Saka zvakatora makore anenge 20 kuti temberi ivakwe.

4:8–6:18—Nei ndima idzi dzakanyorwa muchiAramaiki? Chikamu ichi chine tsamba dzakawanda dzaibva kuvakuru vakuru vehurumende dzichienda kumadzimambo nemhinduro dzemadzimambo acho. Ezra akadzikopa mumagwaro akanyorerwa vanhu vose muchiAramaiki, mutauro wezvokutengeserana uye waishandiswa nehurumende panguva iyoyo. Zvimwe zvikamu zveBhaibheri zvakanyorwa mumutauro uyu wekare wechiJudha zviri pana Ezra 7:12-26, Jeremiya 10:11, uye Dhanieri 2:4b–7:28.

Zvatinodzidza:

1:2. Zvakaprofitwa naIsaya pachine makore anenge 200 zvakazoitika. (Isaya 44:28) Uprofita  huri muShoko raJehovha hahumbotadzi kuitika.

1:3-6. Kufanana nevamwe vaIsraeri vakaramba vari muBhabhironi, Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvakawanda hazvigoni kuita ushumiri hwenguva yakazara kana kuti kuenda kunoshumira kunodiwa vaparidzi vakawanda. Asi zvinotsigira uye kukurudzira vaya vanokwanisa uye zvinopa mipiro yokuzvidira kuti basa rokuparidza nokuita vadzidzi rienderere mberi.

3:1-6. Mumwedzi wechinomwe wa537 B.C.E. (Tishri, unoenderana naSeptember/October), vakatendeka vakadzoka vakapa zvibayiro zvavo zvokutanga. VaBhabhironi vakanga vapinda muJerusarema mumwedzi wechishanu (Ab, unoenderana naJuly/August) womuna 607 B.C.E, uye kwapera mwedzi miviri guta racho rakanga ranyatsoparadzwa. (2 Madzimambo 25:8-17, 22-26) Sezvakafanotaurwa, kuparadzwa kweJerusarema kwemakore 70 kwakaguma panguva chaiyo. (Jeremiya 25:11; 29:10) Zvose zvinofanotaurwa neShoko raJehovha zvinotoitika.

4:1-3. Vakasara vakatendeka vakaramba zvavakanzi vaite zvingadai zvakareva kuti vaifanira kubatana nevanamati venhema mune zvechitendero. (Eksodho 20:5; 34:12) Nhasiwo vanamati vaJehovha havabatani nevezvimwe zvitendero panyaya yokunamata.

5:1-7; 6:1-12. Jehovha anogona kuronga zvinhu achiitira kuti vashumiri vake vabudirire.

6:14, 22. Kushingaira kuita basa raJehovha kunoita kuti atifarire uye atikomborere.

6:21. Kuona basa raJehovha richifambira mberi kwakaita kuti vaSamariya vaigara munyika yeJudha panguva iyoyo nevakanga vadzoka vakanga vava kutevedzera vahedheni vachinje mararamiro avo. Hatifaniri kuita basa redu ratakapiwa naMwari nechido here, kusanganisira basa rokuzivisa Umambo?

EZRA ANOUYA KUJERUSAREMA

(Ezra 7:1–10:44)

Pava nemakore makumi mashanu kubva pakatsaurirwa imba yaJehovha yakanga yavakwazve. Maiva mugore ra468 B.C.E. Achienda nevakasara vevanhu vaMwari nemari yakanga yapiwa semipiro, Ezra anobva kuBhabhironi achienda kuJerusarema. Ikoko anonowanei?

Machinda anoudza Ezra kuti: “Vanhu vaIsraeri nevapristi nevaRevhi havana kuzvitsaura pamarudzi enyika pamusoro pezvinhu zvawo zvinosemesa.” Uyezve, “ruoko rwemachinda nevatevedzeri vevatongi rwava irwo rwakanyanya pane kusatendeka uku.” (Ezra 9:1, 2) Ezra anoshamiswa. Anokurudzirwa kuti ‘asimbe uye aite chimwe chinhu.’ (Ezra 10:4) Ezra anoita matanho okugadzirisa, uye vanhu vanoteerera.

Mibvunzo yeMagwaro Inopindurwa:

7:1, 7, 11—Ndima dzose idzi dzinoreva Atashasta uya akamisa basa rokuvaka here? Aiwa. Atashasta izita kana kuti zita rokuremekedza rinoshandisirwa madzimambo maviri okuPezhiya. Mumwe wacho aiva Bardiya kana kuti Gaumata, akarayira kuti basa rokuvaka temberi rimiswe muna 522 B.C.E. Atashasta wepanguva yakauya Ezra kuJerusarema ndiAtashasta Longimanus.

7:28–8:20—Nei vaJudha vakawanda vaiva muBhabhironi vakanga vasingadi kuenda kuJerusarema naEzra? Kunyange zvazvo pakanga papfuura makore 60 kubvira pakadzokera boka rokutanga revaJudha kumusha kwaro, vaigara muJerusarema vaiva vashomanana zvikuru. Kudzokera kuJerusarema kwaireva kunotanga upenyu hutsva mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma uye ane ngozi. Jerusarema repanguva yacho rakanga risina zvakawanda zvokunyama zvaraipa  vaJudha vangadaro vaibudirira muBhabhironi. Hatifaniriwo kukanganwa kuti rwendo rwacho rwaiva nengozi. Vaidzokera vacho vaifanira kuva nokutenda kwakasimba muna Jehovha, vaifanira kushingairira kunamata kwechokwadi, uye vaifanira kuva vakashinga kuti vatame. Kunyange Ezra akazvisimbisa maererano noruoko rwaJehovha rwakanga rwuri paari. Dzichikurudzirwa naEzra, mhuri dzinokwana 1 500—dzingadaro dzaiva nevanhu 6 000—dzakabvuma kudzokera. Pashure pokunge Ezra aita mamwe matanho, vaRevhi 38 nevaNetinimu 220 vakabvuma kudzokera.

9:1, 2—Kuroorana nevanhu vemamwe marudzi omunyika yacho kwakanga kwakaipa zvakadini? Rudzi rwakadzorerwa rwaifanira kuramba ruchinamata Jehovha kusvikira Mesiya auya. Kuroorana nevamwe vanhu vaigara imomo kwaizokanganisa kunamata kwechokwadi. Nokuti vamwe vakanga varoorana nevanhu vainamata zvidhori, rudzi rwacho rwose rungadai rwakapedzisira rwava kuita zvaiitwa nemarudzi echihedheni. Kunamata kwakachena kungadai kwakatsakatika zvachose panyika. Saka, Mesiya aizovinga ani? Ndokusaka Ezra akarohwa nehana paakaona zvakanga zvaitika!

10:3, 44—Nei vana vakaendeswa pamwe chete nemadzimai? Kudai vana vakasara, vakadzi vakanga vadzingwa vangangodai vaizodzokera kuvana vavo. Uyezve, kazhinji vana vaduku vanoda kutarisirwa naamai vavo.

Zvatinodzidza:

7:10. Somudzidzi anoshingaira uye mudzidzisi anobudirira weShoko raMwari, Ezra akatiratidza muenzaniso wakanaka. Akanyatsogadzirira mwoyo wake achiita zvokunyengetera kuti aone kuti Mutemo waJehovha waitii. Sezvaaiuverenga, Ezra ainyanya kufunga nezvezvaitaurwa naJehovha. Ezra akashandisa zvaakadzidza uye akashanda nesimba kuti adzidzise vamwe.

7:13. Jehovha anoda vashumiri vanozvipira.

7:27, 28; 8:21-23. Ezra akakudza Jehovha, akateterera nomwoyo wose kwaari asati atanga rwendo rwainge rwakareba uye rwaiva nengozi rwokuenda kuJerusarema, uye aida kuzviisa pangozi achiitira kuti Mwari akudzwe. Saka akatisiyira muenzaniso wakanaka.

9:2. Tinofanira kukoshesa zano rokuroora “munaShe chete.”—1 VaKorinde 7:39.

9:14, 15. Shamwari dzakaipa dzingaita kuti tisafarirwa naJehovha.

10:2-12, 44. Vanhu vakanga varoora vakadzi vemamwe marudzi vakapfidza vachizvininipisa uye vakagadzirisa nzira dzavo dzakaipa. Maonero avo nezvavakaita muenzaniso wakanaka.

Jehovha Anoita Zvaanenge Avimbisa

Bhuku raEzra rinokosha zvikuru kwatiri! Panguva chaiyo, Jehovha akazadzikisa vimbiso yake yokusunungura vanhu vaive nhapwa muBhabhironi uye yokuti vatangezve kunamata kwechokwadi muJerusarema. Izvozvo hazvisimbisi kutenda kwedu muna Jehovha nezvaanenge avimbisa here?

Funga nezvemienzaniso iri mubhuku raEzra. Ezra nevakasara vakadzokera kunotangazve kunamata kwakachena muJerusarema vakaratidza muenzaniso wokuzvipira kuna Mwari. Bhuku iri rinotaurawo nezvokutenda kwevanhu vemamwe marudzi vaitya Mwari uye maonero okuzvininipisa evatadzi vanopfidza. Zvechokwadi, mashoko aEzra akafuridzirwa uchapupu hwakajeka hwokuti “shoko raMwari ibenyu uye rine simba.”—VaHebheru 4:12.

[Chati/Mufananidzo uri papeji 18]

MADZIMAMBO EPEZHIYA KUBVIRA MUNA 537 KUSVIKIRA MUNA 467 B.C.E.

Koreshi Mukuru (Ezra 1:1) akafa muna 530 B.C.E.

Cambyses, kana kuti (Ezra 4:6) 530-22 B.C.E.

Ahashivheroshi

Atashasta—Bardiya kana kuti (Ezra 4:7) 522 B.C.E. (Akaurayirwa

Gaumata chigaro angotonga

kwemwedzi minomwe)

Dhariyasi I (Ezra 4:24) 522-486 B.C.E.

Atashasta, kana kuti 486-75 B.C.E. (Akatonga

Ahashivheroshi * pamwe chete

naDhariyasi I kubvira

muna 496-86 B.C.E.)

Atashasta Longimanus (Ezra 7:1) 475-24 B.C.E.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]

[Mufananidzo]

Ahashivheroshi

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 17]

Koreshi

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 17]

Gwaro rinonzi Cyrus Cylinder rakataura mutemo wokudzorera nhapwa kumusha kwadzo

[Kwazvakatorwa]

Cylinder: Photograph taken by courtesy of the British Museum

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 20]

Unoziva here chakaita kuti Ezra ave mudzidzisi anobudirira?