Buri munsi, umubiri wacu urwana n’abanzi batagaragara bashobora no kuduhitana. Muri abo banzi bawutera baturutse hanze harimo za bagiteri, virusi, mikorobe n’utundi dukoko twangiza ubuzima. * Icyakora hari igihe tutamenya ko umubiri wacu urimo kurwana iyo ntambara, kubera ko ufite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya abo banzi mbere y’uko dutangira kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’indwara. Ariko hari n’igihe utwo dukoko tudutera indwara, bikaba ngombwa ko twivuza kugira ngo dukire.

Higeze gushira imyaka ibarirwa mu bihumbi abantu batazi ko hari mikorobe zitera indwara. Mu kinyejana cya 19, igihe abahanga muri siyansi bemezaga ko mikorobe zishobora gutera indwara, ni bwo bagaragaje n’icyakorwa ngo tuzirinde. Kuva icyo gihe, abahanga mu by’ubuvuzi barwanyije indwara zandura ndetse zimwe ziracika. Muri zo twavuga nk’ubushita n’imbasa. Icyakora hari izindi ndwara, urugero nk’indwara ifata umuntu amaso akaba umuhondo (fièvre jaune) na dengue zongeye kwaduka. Byatewe n’iki? Dore impamvu:

• Buri mwaka, abantu benshi bakora ingendo, bagakwirakwiza udukoko dutera indwara. Hari ikinyamakuru cyagize kiti “kubera ko abantu basigaye bakunda gukora ingendo zo mu kirere hirya no hino ku isi, bashobora gukwirakwiza indwara batabizi.”—Clinical Infectious Diseases.

• Muri iki gihe, hari indwara zabaye indahangarwa ku miti. Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye Ryita ku Buzima, ryatangaje ko “isi igana habi kubera ko imiti yari isanzwe ivura indwara nyinshi, itagifite ubushobozi bwo guhangana na zo.”

• Imyivumbagatanyo mu baturage n’ubukene, bituma ingamba abayobozi bashyiraho zo guhashya indwara, zitagira icyo zigeraho.

• Abantu benshi ntibazi uko bakwirinda indwara.

Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, hari ingamba zitagoye wafata kugira ngo wirinde indwara, uzirinde n’umuryango wawe. Ingingo ikurikira, iratwereka uko wakwirinda izo ndwara nubwo waba utuye mu gihugu gikennye.