1. Kodi mtima wa kaduka unakhudza bwanji banja limene Yosefe anakulila?

YAKOBO anali kuwakonda ana ake onse, koma anali kukonda kwambili Yosefe. Kodi izi zinawakhudza bwanji abale ake? Anayamba kumucitila kaduka, ndipo izi zinacititsa kuti azimuzonda olo kuti iye sanawalakwile ciliconse. Apa n’kuti Yosefe ali na zaka 17. Cifukwa comuzonda, anamugulitsa ku ukapolo komanso ananamiza atate awo kuti cilombo colusa camupha mwana wawo wokondekayo. Conco, khalidwe la kaduka linasokoneza mtendele wa banja lawo na kupweteketsa mtima wa atate awo.—Gen. 37:3, 4, 27-34.

2. Malinga na Agalatiya 5:19-21, n’cifukwa ciani khalidwe la kaduka ni loopsa kwambili?

² M’Malemba, khalidwe la kaduka * lili m’gulu la “nchito za thupi” zowononga zimene zingalepheletse munthu kukaloŵa mu Ufumu wa Mulungu. (Ŵelengani Agalatiya 5:19-21.) Kaŵili-kaŵili, kaduka ndiwo muzu wa makhalidwe oipa monga udani, ndewu, na kupsa mtima.

3. Kodi tikambilana ciani m’nkhani ino?

³ Citsanzo ca abale ake a Yosefe cionetsa mmene khalidwe la kaduka limawonongela ubwenzi na kusokoneza mtendele m’banja. N’zoona kuti sitingacite zinthu ngati zimene abale a Yosefe anacita. Ngakhale n’telo, tonse ndife opanda ungwilo, ndipo mtima wathu ni wonyenga. (Yer. 17:9) Pa cifukwa cimeneci, nthawi zina tingayambe kucitila ena kaduka. Lomba, tiyeni tikambilaneko zitsanzo zina za m’Baibo zoticenjeza. Zitsanzo zimenezo zitithandiza kudziŵa zimene zingapangitse kuti khalidwe la  kaduka liyambe kuzika mizu m’mitima yathu. Pambuyo pake, tikambilana zimene tingacite kuti tithetse kaduka na kulimbikitsa mtendele.

4. N’cifukwa ciani Afilisiti anam’citila kaduka Isaki?

⁴ Ngati ena ni olemela. Isaki anali wolemela kwambili, ndipo Afilisiti anali kum’citila kaduka. (Gen. 26:12-14) Iwo anafika pofocela zitsime zimene Isaki anali kutapapo madzi omwetsa ziweto zake. (Gen. 26:15, 16, 27) Mofanana na Afilisiti, anthu ena masiku ano amacitila kaduka anthu amene ali na cuma cambili kuposa iwo. Amakhumbila mosayenela zinthu zimene anthu ena ali nazo, komanso amafuna kuti anthuwo asakhale nazo zinthuzo.

5. N’cifukwa ciani atsogoleli acipembedzo anali kum’citila kaduka Yesu?

⁵ Ngati munthu wina amakondedwa ndi ambili. Atsogoleli aciyuda anali kum’citila kaduka Yesu cifukwa anthu ambili anali kum’konda. (Mat. 7:28, 29) Yesu anali kuimilako Mulungu, ndiponso anali kuphunzitsa coonadi. Ngakhale zinali telo, atsogoleli acipembedzo anali kufalitsa mabodza kuti aipitse mbili ya Yesu. (Maliko 15:10; Yoh. 11:47, 48; 12:12, 13, 19) Ni cenjezo lotani limene tingatengepo pamenepa? Sitifunika kucitila kaduka Akhristu amene amakondedwa ndi ambili mu mpingo cifukwa ca makhalidwe awo abwino. Koma tiyenela kuyesetsa kutengela citsanzo cawo mwa kucita zinthu mwacikondi ndi anthu ena.—1 Akor. 11:1; 3 Yoh. 11.

6. Kodi Diotirefe anaonetsa bwanji mtima wa kaduka?

⁶ Ngati wina wapatsidwa udindo kapena mwayi wa utumiki. M’nthawi ya atumwi, Diotirefe anali kucitila kaduka anthu amene anali kutsogolela mu mpingo wacikhristu. Iye anali kufuna “kukhala woyamba” pa anthu onse mu mpingo. Conco, anali kufalitsa mabodza kuti aipitse mbili ya mtumwi Yohane na abale ena otsogolela kuti anthu mu mpingo asamawalemekeze. (3 Yoh. 9, 10) N’zoona kuti sitingafike pocita zinthu monga Diotirefe. Komabe, nthawi zina tingayambe kucitila kaduka Mkhristu mnzathu amene wapatsidwa utumiki umene tinali kuulaka-laka. Izi zingacitike maka-maka ngati tiona kuti nafenso tingakwanitse kuucita bwino, mwina ngakhale kuposa Mkhristu winayo.

7. Kodi cingacitike n’ciani ngati tili na mtima wa kaduka?

⁷ Khalidwe la kaduka lili ngati udzu woipa, wowononga. Khalidweli likazika mizu mumtima, cimakhala covuta kulicotsa. Mtima wa kaduka umakula ngati munthu ali na makhalidwe monga kunyada, kudzikonda, na mzimu wa mpikisano. Mtima wa kaduka umalepheletsa munthu kukhala na makhalidwe abwino monga cikondi, cifundo, na kukoma mtima. Tikangoona kuti khalidwe la kaduka layamba kuzika mizu mu mtima mwathu, tifunika kulicotsa mwamsanga. Kodi tingacite bwanji zimenezi?

8. Ni makhalidwe ati amene angatithandize kuthetsa kaduka?

⁸ Tingathetse kaduka mwa kukhala okhutila komanso odzicepetsa. Tikakhala na makhalidwe amenewa, khalidwe la kaduka silidzazika mizu mu mtima mwathu. Kudzicepetsa kumatithandiza kuti tipewe kudziona apamwamba kwambili kuposa ena. Munthu wodzicepetsa saona kuti iye ni amene afunika kukhala na zambili kuposa ena onse. (Agal. 6:3, 4) Munthu wokhutila amaona kuti zimene ali nazo n’zokwanila, ndipo sadziyelekezela na ena. (1 Tim. 6:7, 8) Munthu wodzicepetsa komanso wokhutila akaona ena akulandila zinthu zabwino, amakondwela.

9. Malinga na Agalatiya 5:16 komanso Afilipi 2:3, 4, kodi mzimu woyela ungatithandize kucita ciani?

⁹ Timafunikila thandizo la mzimu woyela wa Mulungu kuti tipewe khalidwe loipa la kaduka na kukulitsa makhalidwe a kudzicepetsa na kukhutila. (Ŵelengani Agalatiya 5:16; Afilipi 2: 3, 4.) Mzimu woyela wa Yehova ungatithandize kupenda zimene zili mkati mwa mtima wathu na zolinga zathu. Mothandizidwa na Mulungu, tingakwanitse kucotsa kaduka mu mtima mwathu na kuikamo maganizo abwino. (Sal. 26:2; 51:10) Lomba tiyeni tikambilane citsanzo ca Mose na Paulo, amuna amene anakwanitsa kupewa khalidwe la kaduka.

10. Ni cocitika citi cimene cinayesa Mose? (Onani cithunzi pa cikuto.)

¹⁰ Mose anali na udindo waukulu pakati pa anthu a Mulungu, ndiponso sanali woumila na udindo wake. Mwacitsanzo, panthawi ina Yehova anatengako gawo lina la mzimu woyela umene unali pa Mose n’kupatsako akulu a Isiraeli amene anaima pafupi na cihema cokumanako. Pasanapite nthawi, Mose anamvela kuti akulu aŵili amene sanabwele ku cihema cokumanako alandila mzimu woyela ndipo akucita zinthu monga aneneli. Yoswa anapempha Mose kuti awaletse akuluwo. Koma kodi Mose anacita ciani? Iye sanacitile kaduka amuna aŵiliwo poona kuti Yehova wawapatsa mzimu woyela. M’malomwake, anali wodzicepetsa ndipo anakondwela poona mwayi wa utumiki umene amunawo anapatsidwa. (Num. 11:24-29) Kodi tiphunzilapo ciani pa citsanzo ca Mose?

11. Kodi akulu angatengele bwanji citsanzo ca Mose?

¹¹ Ngati ndimwe mkulu mu mpingo, kodi munapemphedwapo kuti muphunzitse m’bale wina kusamalila udindo wina wake umene mumaukonda kwambili? Mwacitsanzo, mwina mumakonda kutsogoza Phunzilo la Nsanja ya Mlonda wiki iliyonse. Koma kodi mungamvele bwanji ngati akulu akupemphani kuti muphunzitseko m’bale wina kuti m’kupita kwa nthawi akayambe kusamalila udindo umenewu? Ngati ndimwe wodzicepetsa monga Mose, simudzada nkhawa poganiza kuti mudzakhala wotsikilapo. M’malomwake, mudzakondwela kum’thandiza m’baleyo.

12. Kodi Akhristu ambili masiku ano aonetsa bwanji kuti ni odzicepetsa komanso okhutila?

¹² Ganizilaninso zimene zimacitika kwa abale ambili okalamba amene amatumikila monga agwilizanitsi a mabungwe aakulu. Iwo amakhala kuti atumikila pa udindowu kwa zaka zambili. Koma akafika zaka 80, amalolela na mtima wonse kusiyila ena udindowo. Naonso oyang’anila madela akafika zaka 70, modzicepetsa amasiyila ena udindowu, ndipo amalandila utumiki wina uliwonse umene angapatsidwe. Ndiponso m’zaka za posacedwapa, abale na alongo ambili pa dziko lonse amene anali kutumikila pa Beteli anatumizidwa ku mipingo kuti akacite mautumiki ena. Akhristu okhulupilika amenewa sacitila kaduka abale na alongo amene amacita mautumiki amene iwo anali kucita.

13. N’ciani cikanapangitsa mtumwi Paulo kucitila kaduka atumwi 12?

¹³ Nayenso mtumwi Paulo ni citsanzo cabwino pa nkhani ya kudzicepetsa na kukhala wokhutila. Iye anayesetsa kupewa khalidwe la kaduka. Anali kulalikila mwakhama, koma modzicepetsa anati: “Ineyo ndine wamng’ono kwambili mwa atumwi onse, ndipo si ine woyenela kuchedwa mtumwi.” (1 Akor. 15:9, 10) Atumwi 12 anali kutsatila Yesu pa nthawi yonse ya utumiki wake pa dziko lapansi. Koma Paulo sanakhaleko na mwayi umenewo cifukwa anakhala Mkhristu Yesu atafa kale na kuukitsidwa. Olo kuti m’kupita kwa nthawi Paulo anasankhidwa kukhala “mtumwi weniweni wotumidwa kwa mitundu ina,” iye sanayenelele kukhala mmodzi wa atumwi 12 aja. (Aroma 11:13; Mac. 1:21-26) Ngakhale zinali conco, Paulo sanawacitile kaduka atumwi 12 amenewo cifukwa ca mwayi umene anali nawo woyenda na Yesu. Koma anakhalabe wokhutila na utumiki umene anapatsidwa.

14. Tidzacita ciani tikakhala okhutila komanso odzicepetsa?

¹⁴ Ngati ndife okhutila komanso odzicepetsa,  tidzatengela citsanzo ca Paulo mwa kulemekeza anthu amene Yehova wawaika paudindo. (Mac. 21:20-26) Iye waika akulu kuti azitsogolela mu mpingo wacikhristu. Olo kuti akuluwo ni opanda ungwilo, Yehova amawaona kuti ni “mphatso za amuna.” (Aef. 4:8, 11) Tikamalemekeza amuna a pa udindo amenewa na kutsatila citsogozo cawo modzicepetsa, ubwenzi wathu na Yehova umalimba, ndipo timakhala pa mtendele na Akhristu anzathu.

15. Kodi tifunika kucita ciani?

¹⁵ Mtendele umene tili nawo pakati pathu ungasokonezeke ngati ticitila ena kaduka. Conco, tifunika kuzulilatu mizu ya kaduka m’mitima yathu, na kupewa kubyala malingalilo a kaduka mwa ena. Kucita zimenezi n’kofunika kwambili kuti timvele lamulo la Yehova lakuti tiyenela kutsatila “zinthu zobweletsa mtendele ndiponso zolimbikitsana.” (Aroma 14:19) Ni zinthu ziti maka-maka zimene tingacite kuti tithandize ena kuthetsa kaduka? Nanga tingalimbikitse bwanji mtendele?

16. Tingathandize bwanji ena kuthetsa kaduka?

¹⁶ Khalidwe lathu na zocita zathu zingakhudze ena kwambili. Ndipo dzikoli limafuna kuti ‘tizidzionetsela’ na zinthu zimene tili nazo. (1 Yoh. 2:16) Koma vuto n’lakuti kudzionetsela kumalimbikitsa kaduka. Tingapewe kubyala malingalilo akaduka mwa ena ngati tipewa kudzitamandila cifukwa ca zinthu zimene tili nazo kapena zimene tifuna kugula. Cina cimene cingatithandize kuti tisabyale malingalilo a kaduka mwa ena ni kupewa kudzitamandila cifukwa ca udindo umene tili nawo mu mpingo.  Ngati timakonda kukamba-kamba za udindo umene tili nawo, timakhala ngati tikulimilila nthaka kuti mbewu ya kaduka ikule bwino. Koma tikamaonetsa kuti timaganizila ena ndipo timaona zabwino zimene amacita, timawathandiza kukhala okhutila, ndipo izi zimalimbikitsa mtendele na mgwilizano mu mpingo.

17. Kodi abale ake a Yosefe anakwanitsa kucita ciani? Nanga n’cifukwa ciani anakwanitsa?

¹⁷ N’zotheka ndithu kuthetsa kaduka. Ganizilaninso citsanzo ca abale ake a Yosefe. Iwo anakumananso na Yosefe ku Iguputo patapita zaka zambili kucokela pamene anamucitila zinthu zopanda cilungamo. Yosefe asanadziulule kwa abale akewo, anawayesa kuti adziŵe ngati anasintha khalidwe lawo. Iye anakonza zakuti adye cakudya pamodzi nawo, ndipo Benjamini m’bale wake wamng’ono kwambili anali kum’patsa cakudya cambili kuposa ena onse. (Gen. 43:33, 34) Olo zinali telo, palibe ciliconse cimene cionetsa kuti abale akewo anayamba kumucitila kaduka Benjamini. M’malomwake, iwo anaonetsa kuti anali kum’dela nkhawa na kum’kondadi m’bale wawo Benjamini, kuphatikizapo tate wawo, Yakobo. (Gen. 44:30-34) Cifukwa cakuti abale a Yosefe anathetsa kaduka, anakwanitsa kubwezeletsa mtendele m’banja mwawo. (Gen. 45:4, 15) Mofananamo, tikacotselatu kaduka mu mtima mwathu, tidzathandiza kuti m’banja mwathu na mu mpingo mukhale mtendele.

18. Malinga na Yakobo 3:17, 18 kodi padzakhala zotulukapo zotani ngati tiyesetsa kucita zinthu zolimbikitsa mtendele?

¹⁸ Yehova amafuna kuti tizipewa kaduka, komanso kuti tiziyesetsa kulimbikitsa mtendele. Tifunika kuyesetsa kucita zinthu ziŵili zimenezi. Monga taonela m’nkhani ino, anthufe tili na mtima wokonda kucitila ena kaduka. (Yak. 4:5) Cinanso, tili m’dziko limene limalimbikitsa khalidwe loipa limeneli. Koma ngati tikulitsa makhalidwe abwino monga kudzicepetsa, kukhutila, na kuyamikila, tidzapewa mtima wa kaduka. Tikatelo, tidzalimbikitsa mtendele, umene umatithandiza kukulitsa makhalidwe abwino.—Ŵelengani Yakobo 3:17, 18.