ANTHU ambiri amaona kuti “Chikhristu chagona pa chiphunzitso cha Utatu.” Chiphunzitsochi chimafotokoza kuti Atate, Mwana ndi mzimu woyera amapanga Mulungu mmodzi. Ndipo ponena za chiphunzitsochi, kadinala wina dzina lake John O’Connor anati: “Tikudziwa kuti chiphunzitso cha Utatu n’chovuta kwambiri ndipo palibe amene angachimvetse.” Koma kodi n’chifukwa chiyani chiphunzitsochi chili chovuta kumvetsa?

Buku lina lofotokoza mawu a m’Baibulo limapereka chifukwa chimodzi. Bukuli limati: “Chiphunzitsochi si cha m’Baibulo chifukwa palibe vesi lina lililonse limene limanena za Utatu.” (The Illustrated Bible Dictionary) Popeza kuti chiphunzitso cha Utatu “si cha m’Baibulo,” anthu okhulupirira zimenezi ayesetsa kufufuza mavesi, ngakhalenso kuwapotoza kumene n’cholinga choti agwirizane ndi zimene iwo amakhulupirira.

Vesi limodzi limene kawirikawiri amaligwiritsa ntchito molakwika ndi Yohane 1:1. Pavesili, Baibulo la Buku Lopatulika Ndilo Mau a Mulungu, limati: “Pachiyambi panali Mawu, ndipo Mawu anali kwa Mulungu [m’Chigiriki ton the·onʹ], ndipo Mawu ndiye Mulungu [the·osʹ].” Vesili lili ndi mawu a Chirigiki awiri akuti the·osʹ kutanthauza (mulungu). Mawu oyambirirawo ali ndi mperekezi kapena kuti mawu otchulira dzina akuti ton, choncho pavesili dzina lakuti the·onʹ likutanthauza Mulungu Wamphamvuyonse. Koma mawu achiwiri akuti the·osʹ alibe mawu otchulira dzina. Kodi pamawu achiwiriwa anachita kuiwala kulembapo mawu otchulira dzina akuti ton?

Uthenga wabwino wa Yohane unalembedwa m’Chigiriki chimene anthu ambiri ankalankhula chotchedwa Koine. Ndipo chinali ndi malamulo omveka bwino a kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka mawu otchulira dzina. Katswiri wina wa Baibulo, dzina lake A. T. Robertson anafotokoza kuti, ngati mwininkhani ndiponso pamtherankhani ali ndi mawu otchulira dzina, ndiye kuti “mwininkhani ndi pamtherankhaniyo amakhala ofanana ndipo angagwire ntchito mosinthana.”  Katswiriyu anafotokozanso kuti chitsanzo chabwino ndi lemba la Mateyo 13:38, lomwe limati: “Munda [m’Chigiriki ho a·grosʹ] ndiwo dziko [m’Chigiriki ho koʹsmos].” Pamenepa tingathe kusintha n’kunena kuti ‘dziko ndilo munda.’

Nanga bwanji ngati mwininkhani ali ndi mawu otchulira dzina pomwe pamtherankhani alibe, ngati mmene zilili pa Yohane 1:1? Potchula vesi limeneli ngati chitsanzo, katswiri wina wa Baibulo, dzina lake James Allen Hewett anati: “M’chiganizo chotere, mwininkhani ndiponso pamtherankhani si ofanana ndipo sagwira ntchito mosinthana.”

Pofuna kumveketsa mfundoyi, Hewett anagwiritsa ntchito lemba la 1 Yohane 1:5 lomwe limati, “Mulungu ndiye kuwala.” M’Chigiriki, dzina lakuti “Mulungu” ndi ho the·osʹ, ndipo limakhala ndi mawu otchulira dzina. Koma mawu akuti phos, omwe akutanthauza “kuwala,” alibe mawu otchulira dzina. Motero katswiriyu anati: “Munthu anganene kuti Mulungu ndiye kuwala, koma osati kuwala ndiye Mulungu.” Zitsanzo zina ndi lemba la Yohane 4:24 lomwe limati: “Mulungu ndiye Mzimu,” ndiponso lemba la 1 Yohane 4:16, lomwe limati, “Mulungu ndiye chikondi.” M’mavesi onsewa, mayina a Chigiriki omwe anawamasulira kuti Mulungu, ali ndi mawu otchulira dzina, pomwe mawu akuti “Mzimu,” ndiponso “chikondi” alibe. Choncho m’mavesi amenewa, mwininkhani ndiponso pamtherankhani sakugwira ntchito mosinthana. Pamavesiwa sitingasinthe n’kunena kuti “Mzimu ndiye Mulungu,” kapena “chikondi ndiye Mulungu.”

Akatswiri ambiri amaphunziro a Chigiriki ndiponso anthu ena omasulira Baibulo, amavomereza kuti lemba la Yohane 1:1 silitanthauza kuti “Mawuyo” ndi Mulungu, koma limasonyeza kuti ali ndi makhalidwe ofanana ndi a Mulungu. Womasulira Baibulo wina dzina lake William Barclay anati: “Pamene [mtumwi Yohane] ankalemba mawu akuti theos, sanawalembe ndi mawu otchulira dzina. N’chifukwa chake palembali akungofotokoza makhalidwe a “Mawuyo” basi. . . . Pamenepa, Yohane sanatanthauze kuti “Mawuyo” ndi Mulungu. Tinganenenso kuti, iye sanatanthauze kuti Yesu ndi Mulungu.” Katswiri winanso dzina lake Jason David BeDuhn ananena kuti: “M’Chigiriki, mukapanda kulemba mawu otchulira dzina pamawu akuti theos, ngati m’mene zilili pa Yohane 1:1c, ndiye kuti owerenga angadziwe kuti mukutanthauza ‘mulungu’ [osati Mulungu].” Katswiriyu anapitiriza kunena kuti: “Popeza kuti mawu akuti theos alibe mawu otchulira dzina, ndiye kuti akutanthauza ‘mulungu,’ zomwe zikusiyana ndi mawu akuti ho theos, omwe akutanthauza ‘Mulungu.’” BeDuhn ananenanso kuti: “Palemba la Yohane 1:1, “Mawu” sakutanthauza Mulungu Wamphamvuyonse koma akutanthauza ‘mulungu’ kapena kuti cholengedwa chauzimu.” Tikhozanso kumvetsa mfundo imeneyi tikaona zimene ananena katswiri winanso amene anamasulira Baibulo la American Standard Version, dzina lake Joseph Henry Thayer. Iye anati: “Logos [kapena kuti Mawu] ndi cholengedwa chauzimu osati Mulungu Wamphamvuyonse.”

Kodi n’zoona kuti anthufe sitingathe kumvetsa m’mene Mulungu alili? Ayi, chifukwa Yesu asonyeza kuti n’zotheka. M’pemphero lopita kwa Atate ake, iye ananena momveka bwino kusiyana kumene kulipo pakati iye ndi Atate akewo. Iye anati: “Pakuti moyo wosatha adzaupeza akamaphunzira ndi kudziwa za inu, Mulungu yekha woona, ndi za Yesu Khristu, amene inu munam’tuma.” (Yohane 17:3) Ngati timakhulupirira Yesu ndiponso ngati timamvetsa ziphunzitso zosavuta kumva za m’Baibulo, tidzam’lemekeza monga Mwana wauzimu wa Mulungu. Ndiponso tidzalambira Yehova, yemwe ndi “Mulungu yekha woona.”