Mawu a Yehova Ndi Amoyo

Mfundo Zazikulu za M’buku la Mafumu Wachiwiri

BUKU la m’Baibulo la Mafumu Wachiwiri limayambira pamene panalekezera buku la Mafumu Woyamba. Bukuli limafotokoza za mafumu 29. Pa mafumuwa, 12 anali a ufumu wakumpoto wa Israyeli ndipo 17 anali a ufumu wakum’mwera wa Yuda. Buku la Mafumu Wachiwiri limalongosolanso zochitika za aneneri monga Eliya, Elisa, ndi Yesaya. Ngakhale kuti bukuli sililongosola nkhani zonse motsatira ndendende ndondomeko ya nthawi imene zinachitikira, nkhani za m’bukuli zimafika mpakana pa chiwonongeko cha Samariya ndi Yerusalemu. Bukuli limasimba nkhani zochitika pa zaka zokwana 340, kuchokera mu 920 B.C.E. mpaka kufika pamene mneneri Yeremiya anamaliza kulilemba mu 580 B.C.E.

Kodi buku la Mafumu Wachiwiri n’lofunika motani kwa ife? Kodi limatiphunzitsa zotani zokhudza Yehova ndiponso mmene amachitira zinthu ndi anthu? Kodi tingaphunzire zinthu zotani poona zochitika za mafumu, aneneri, ndiponso anthu ena otchulidwa m’bukuli? Tiyeni tione zimene tingaphunzire m’buku la Mafumu Wachiwiri.

ELISA ALOWA M’MALO MWA ELIYA

(2 Mafumu 1:1–8:29)

Mfumu Ahaziya wa Israyeli anadwala chifukwa chogwa mwangozi kunyumba kwake. Zitatero, mneneri Eliya anam’dziwitsa kuti matendawo afa nawo. Ahaziya anafadi, ndipo mng’ono wake Yehoramu analowa ufumu m’malo mwake. Panthawiyi n’kuti Yehosafati ali mfumu ya Yuda. Eliya anatengedwa ndi kavulumvulu, ndipo Elisa, yemwe ankam’thandiza, analowa m’malo mwake kukhala mneneri. Pa zaka pafupifupi 60 zimene anachita ulaliki wake, Elisa anachita zozizwitsa zambiri.​—Onani bokosi lakuti “Zozizwitsa za Elisa.”

Mfumu ya Amoabu itapandukira Israyeli, Yehoramu, Yehosafati, ndiponso mfumu ya Edomu anapita kukamenyana nayo. Iwo anapambana chifukwa cha kukhulupirika kwa Yehosafati. Kenaka, mfumu ya ku Suriya inakonza zochita nkhondo ndi Aisrayeli mowadzidzimutsa. Komano Elisa anasokoneza mapulani a mfumuyi. Zimenezi zinakwiyitsa mfumu ya Suriyayo, motero inatumiza “akavalo ndi magareta ndi khamu lalikulu” kuti akagwire Elisa. (2 Mafumu 6:13, 14) Komano Elisa anachita zozizwitsa ziwiri, ndipo khamulo linangobwerera mwamtendere. M’tsogolo mwake, ankhondo a Mfumu Benihadadi ya Suriya anazinga Samariya. Zimenezi zinadzetsa njala yadzaoneni, koma Elisa analosera kuti njalayo idzatha.

Patapita nthawi, Elisa anapita ku Damasiko. Mfumu Benihadadi, yemwe panthawiyi anali akudwala, anatumiza Hazaeli kuti akafunse ngati achire matenda akewo. Elisa analosera kuti mfumuyo ifa, ndi kutinso Hazaeli ndiye adzalowe ufumu m’malo mwake. Tsiku lotsatira, Hazaeli anapha mfumuyo mwa kuitseka pakamwa ndi pamphuno pogwiritsira ntchito “chimbwi,” kapena kuti nsalu yoluka. (2 Mafumu 8:15) Ku Yuda, mwana wa Yehosafati dzina lake Yehoramu anakhala mfumu, ndipo kenako mwana wake Ahaziya anadzalowa m’malo mwake.​—Onani bokosi lakuti “Mafumu a Yuda ndi a Israyeli.”

Kuyankha Mafunso a M’Malemba:

2:9​—N’chifukwa chiyani Elisa anapempha ‘magawo awiri a mzimu wa Eliya’? Kuti akwanitse kuchita ntchito yokhala mneneri wa Israyeli, Elisa anafunika kukhala ndi mzimu womwewo umene  Eliya anasonyeza, wolimba mtima ndiponso wosakhala ndi mantha. Podziwa zimenezi, Elisa anapempha magawo awiri a mzimu wa Eliya. Elisa anasankhidwa ndi Eliya kuti akhale wolowa m’malo mwake, ndipo anali atakhala wom’thandiza kwa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi. Motero Elisa anali kuona Eliya ngati atate wake pa zinthu zauzimu; ndipo kwa Eliya, Elisa anali ngati mwana wake woyamba pa zinthu zauzimu. (1 Mafumu 19:19-21; 2 Mafumu 2:12) Mwana woyamba weniweni ankalandira magawo awiri a cholowa kuchokera kwa atate wake, moteronso Elisa anapempha ndipo analandira magawo awiri a cholowa chauzimu kuchokera kwa Eliya.

2:11​—Kodi “kumwamba” kumene ‘Eliya anakwera ndi kavulumvulu’ ndi kumwamba kuti? Kumeneku si kumalo kwinakwake m’miyambamu kotalikirana kwambiri ndi dziko lapansi, ndiponso si kumalo auzimu amene Mulungu ndi ana ake aungelo amakhala. (Deuteronomo 4:19; Salmo 11:4; Mateyu 6:9; 18:10) “Kumwamba” kumene Eliya anapita ndi mumlengalenga, osati kumwamba kwenikweni. (Salmo 78:26; Mateyu 6:26) Galeta la moto limene linatenga Eliya linayenda mumlengalenga n’kumupititsa ku mbali ina ya dziko lapansi, kumene anakakhala kwa kanthawi. Ndipotu patatha zaka zingapo, Eliya analemba kalata yopita kwa Yehoramu, mfumu ya Yuda.​—2 Mbiri 21:1, 12-15.

5:15, 16​—N’chifukwa chiyani Elisa anakana mphatso ya Namani? Elisa anakana mphatsoyo pozindikira kuti iye anachiritsa Namani mozizwitsa mwa mphamvu za Yehova, osati zake ayi. Iye sanaone ngati chinthu choyenerera kudyererapo pa ntchito imene Mulungu anam’patsa. Olambira oona masiku ano samafuna kudyererapo pa ntchito yotumikira Yehova. Iwo amamvera mawu a Yesu akuti: “Munalandira kwaulere, patsani kwaulere.”​—Mateyu 10:8.

5:18, 19​—Kodi Namani anali kupempha kuti adzakhululukidwe akakalambira milungu ina? Zikuoneka kuti mfumu ya Suriya inali yokalamba ndiponso yofooka, moti inayenera kutsamira Namani kuti isagwe. Mfumuyo ikagwada polambira Rimoni, Namani ankagwadanso. Komabe, kugwada kwa Namani sikunali kolambira ayi, koma kunali kuwerama basi poopa kuti mfumuyo ingagwe. Namani anali kupempha Yehova kuti am’khululukire pochita ntchito imeneyi, yomwe anaichita potumikira mfumuyo. Elisa anakhulupirira zimene Namani ananena, motero anamuuza kuti: “Pita mumtendere.”

Zimene Tikuphunzirapo:

1:13, 14. Kuphunzirapo kanthu pa zimene timaona ndiponso kuchita zinthu modzichepetsa kungathe kupulumutsa miyoyo.

2:2, 4, 6. Ngakhale kuti Elisa anali atatumikira Eliya mwina kwa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, iye anaumirira kuti sakufuna kusiyana naye. Ichitu n’chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri cha kukhulupirika ndiponso kugwirizana!​—Miyambo 18:24.

2:23, 24. Zikuoneka kuti chifukwa chachikulu chimene anawa ankasekera Elisa chinali chakuti iyeyu anali wadazi koma anavala zovala za Eliya za uneneri. Anawo anadziwa kuti Elisa anali woimira Yehova ndipo sanafune kuti iye awayandikire. Motero anamuuza kuti “takwera,” kutanthauza kuti akwere kumtunda kukafika ku Beteli kapena kuti akwere kumwamba monga mmene Eliya anachitira. Zikuoneka kuti anawo anasonyeza mzimu wamtopola wangati wa makolo awo. M’pofunikatu kwambiri kuti makolo aziphunzitsa ana awo kulemekeza oimira a Mulungu.

3:14, 18, 24. Mawu a Yehova amakwaniritsidwa nthawi zonse.

3:22. Kuwala kwa m’mawa kunachititsa kuti madziwo azioneka ngati magazi. Zinali motero mwina chifukwa chakuti dothi la m’ngalande zimene anali atangokumba kumenezo, linali la  katondo. Zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti Yehova akafuna, amagwiritsira ntchito zochitika zam’chilengedwe pokwaniritsa cholinga chake.

4:8-11. Pozindikira kuti Elisa anali “munthu woyera wa Mulungu,” mayi wina wa ku Sunemu anam’chereza Elisayo. Kodi ifenso sitiyenera kuchita chimodzimodzi ndi anthu olambira Yehova mokhulupirika?

5:3. Kamtsikana ka ku Israyeli kankakhulupirira kuti Mulungu angathe kuchita zozizwitsa. Kamtsikanaka kanalimbanso mtima kunena za chikhulupiriro chake. Kodi inuyo achinyamata mumayesetsa kukhulupirira kwambiri malonjezo a Mulungu n’kulimba mtima kuuza aphunzitsi anu ndiponso ana asukulu anzanu za choonadi?

5:9-19. Kodi chitsanzo cha Namani sichikusonyeza kuti munthu wodzikuza angathe kuphunzira kudzichepetsa?​—1 Petro 5:5.

5:20-27. Gehazi anakhaula chifukwa chochita zinthu mwachinyengo. Kuganizira mozama za mmene tingavutikire ndi kusaukira chifukwa chokhala moyo wa chiphamaso kungatithandize kupewa moyo wotere.

ISRAYELI NDI YUDA ATENGEDWA UKAPOLO

(2 Mafumu 9:1–25:30)

Yehu anasankhidwa kukhala mfumu ya Israyeli. Iye sanazengereze kupha banja la Ahabu. Mwaluso, Yehu ‘anachotsa zolambira Baala m’Israyeli.’ (2 Mafumu 10:28) Atamva kuti mwana wake wamwamuna  waphedwa ndi Yehu, mayi wa Ahaziya, dzina lake Ataliya, ‘ananyamuka, nawononga mbewu yonse ya Ufumu wa Yuda’ n’kulanda ufumuwo. (2 Mafumu 11:1) Mwana wakhanda wa Ahaziya, dzina lake Yoasi, ndi munthu yekhayo amene anapulumuka ndipo atakhala kobisala kwa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi anaikidwa kukhala mfumu ya Yuda. Mophunzitsidwa ndi wansembe wotchedwa Yehoyada, Yoasi anapitiriza kuchita zabwino pamaso pa Yehova.

Pambuyo pa Yehu, mafumu onse amene analamulira Israyeli anachita zoipa pamaso pa Yehova. Elisa anafa imfa yachibadwa panthawi ya ulamuliro wa chidzukulu cha Yehu. Mfumu yachinayi ya Yuda yomwe inabwera pambuyo pa Yoasi inali Ahazi, ndipo iyeyu “sanachita zowongoka pamaso pa Yehova.” (2 Mafumu 16:1, 2) Komabe mwana wake Hezekiya anakhala mfumu ‘youmirira kwa Yehova.’ (2 Mafumu 17:20; 18:6) M’chaka cha 740 B.C.E., Hezekiya atakhala mfumu ya Yuda ndipo Hoseya atayamba kulamulira Israyeli, Salimanezere mfumu ya Asuri “analanda Samariya, natenga Aisrayeli andende, kumka nawo ku Asuri.” (2 Mafumu 17:6) Kenaka, anthu akunja anawabweretsa ku Israyeli, ndipo zimenezi zinachititsa kuti payambike chipembedzo cha Asamariya.

Pa mafumu seveni amene anabwera pambuyo pa Hezekiya ku Yuda, ndi Yosiya yekha amene anachitapo kanthu kuti achotse kulambira konama m’dzikolo. Pamapeto pake mu 607 B.C.E., Ababulo analanda Yerusalemu ndipo “anamuka nawo Ayuda andende kuwachotsa m’dziko lawo.”​—2 Mafumu 25:21.

Kuyankha Mafunso a M’Malemba:

13:20, 21​—Kodi chozizwitsa cha pa lembali chimasonyeza kuti kulambira zinthu zakale zopatulika sikulakwa? Ayi sichitero. Baibulo silisonyeza kuti mafupa a Elisa analambiridwapo. Mphamvu ya Mulungu ndi imene inachititsa chozizwitsa chimenechi, ndipo ndi imenenso inachititsa zozizwitsa zonse zimene Elisa anachita mmene anali ndi moyo.

15:1-6​—Kodi Yehova anam’chititsiranji khate Azariya (amene amatchedwanso Uziya)? “[Uziya] atakhala wamphamvu, mtima wake unakwezeka . . . , nalakwira Yehova Mulungu wake; popeza analowa m’Kachisi wa Yehova kufukiza pa guwa la nsembe la chofukiza.” Ansembe ‘atatsutsana naye Uziya’ n’kumuuza kuti “tulukani m’malo opatulika,” iye anawapsera mtima kwambiri ansembewo motero iye anakanthidwa ndi khate.​—2 Mbiri 26:16-20.

18:19-21, 25​—Kodi Hezekiya anachita pangano ndi dziko la Igupto? Ayi. Apa kazembeyu ananena zabodza, ndipo ananamanso ponena kuti ‘anakwerera malowo ndi Yehova,’ kapena kuti Yehova ndiye anamuuza kuti apite ku Yerusalemu. Hezekiya anali mfumu yokhulupirika ndipo ankadalira Yehova yekha basi.

Zimene Tikuphunzirapo:

9:7, 26. Chilango chachikulu chimene banja la Ahabu linalandira chimasonyeza kuti kulambira konyenga ndiponso kupha anthu osalakwa zimamuipira zedi Yehova.

9:20. Yehu anali wodziwika kuti anali munthu woyendetsa galeta mwa wafawafa, ndipo zimenezi zimapereka umboni wa changu chake pochita ntchito imene anatumidwa. Kodi inuyo panokha mumadziwika kuti ndinu wofalitsa ufumu wachangu choterechi?​—2 Timoteo 4:2?

9:36, 37; 10:17; 13:18, 19, 25; 14:25; 19:20, 32-36; 20:16, 17; 24:13. Tisamakayike ngakhale pang’ono kuti ‘mawu otuluka m’kamwa mwa Yehova’ nthawi zonse amakwaniritsidwa mosalephera.​—Yesaya 55:10, 11.

10:15. Monga mmene Yehonadabu anavomerera ndi mtima wonse Yehu atamuitana kuti akwere nawo galeta lake, mofunitsitsa anthu a “khamu lalikulu” amathandiza Yesu Kristu, Yehu wa masiku ano, pamodzi ndi om’tsatira ake odzozedwa.​—Chivumbulutso 7:9.

10:30, 31. Ngakhale kuti Yehu analakwitsa pa zinthu zina ndi zina, Yehova anasonyeza kuti anayamikira zinthu zonse zomwe iye anachita. Indedi, ‘Mulungu sali wosalungama kuti aiwale ntchito yathu.’​—Ahebri 6:10.

13:14-19. Popeza kuti mdzukulu wa Yehu, dzina lake Yoasi, sanachite khama koma anangomenya nthaka katatu kokha basi ndi mivi, analephera kugonjetseratu Suriya. Yehova amafuna kuti tizichita ntchito yake ndi mtima wonse ndiponso mwakhama.

20:2-6. Yehova ndi “Wakumva pemphero.”​—Salmo 65:2.

 24:3, 4. Chifukwa choti Manase anali ndi mlandu wopha anthu, Yehova “sanafuna kukhululukira” Yuda. Mulungu amaona kuti mwazi wa anthu osalakwa n’ngofunika. Tisamakayikire m’pang’ono pomwe kuti Yehova adzabwezera anthu okhetsa mwazi wosalakwa powawononga.​—Salmo 37:9-11; 145:20.

Bukuli N’lofunika Kwambiri kwa Ife

Buku la Mafumu Wachiwiri limasonyeza kuti Yehova ndi Wokwaniritsa malonjezo. Kutengedwa kwa anthu a maufumu awiri aja, ufumu wa Israyeli ndipo kenako ufumu wa Yuda, kupita nawo kundende, kumagogomezera kuti maulosi onena za chilango olongosoledwa pa Deuteronomo 28:15–29:28 anakwaniritsidwa. Buku la Mafumu Wachiwiri limalongosola kuti Elisa anali mneneri wachangu chosaneneka pa nkhani zokhudza dzina la Yehova ndiponso kulambira koona. Limasonyezanso kuti Hezekiya ndi Yosiya anali mafumu odzichepetsa omvera Lamulo la Mulungu.

Ndithu, tikamasinkhasinkha nkhani zosonyeza mtima ndi zochitika za mafumu, aneneri ndiponso anthu ena ofotokozedwa m’buku la Mafumu Wachiwiri, timaphunziradi mfundo zofunikira kwambiri zokhudza zinthu zimene tiyenera kuyesetsa kuchita ndi zimene tiyenera kupewa. (Aroma 15:4; 1 Akorinto 10:11) Indedi, “mawu a Mulungu ali amoyo, ndi ochitachita.”​—Ahebri 4:12.

[Bokosi/​Chithunzi patsamba 10]

ZOZIZWITSA ZA ELISA

1.Anachititsa kuti madzi a mumtsinje wa Yordano agawanike.​—2 Mafumu 2:14

2. Madzi oipa a mumzinda wa Yeriko anawayeretsa n’kukhala abwino.​—2 Mafumu 2:19-22

3. Ana opulukira anagwidwa ndi zimbalangondo.​—2 Mafumu 2:23, 24

4. Magulu ankhondo anawapatsa madzi.​—2 Mafumu 3:16-26

5. Mayi wamasiye anam’patsa mafuta ophikira.​—2 Mafumu 4:1-7

6. Mkazi wosabereka wa ku Sunamu anabereka mwana.​—2 Mafumu 4:8-17

7. Anaukitsa mwana kwa akufa.​—2 Mafumu 4:18-37

8. Ndiwo zakupha anazisandutsa ndiwo zodyeka.​—2 Mafumu 4:38-41

9. Amuna 100 anawadyetsa ndi mikate 20.​—2 Mafumu 4:42-44.

10. Namani anam’chiritsa khate.​—2 Mafumu 5:1-14

11. Gehazi anapatsidwa khate limene anali nalo Namani.​—2 Mafumu 5:24-27

12. Anayandamitsa nkhwanga imene inamila.​—2 Mafumu 6:5-7

13. Mtumiki anaona magaleta a angelo.​—2 Mafumu 6:15-17

14. Gulu la nkhondo la ku Suriya analikantha polichititsa khungu.​—2 Mafumu 6:18

15. Gulu la nkhondo la ku Suriya analichiritsa khungu.​—2 Mafumu 6:19-23

16. Munthu wakufa anaukitsidwa.​—2 Mafumu 13:20, 21

[Tchati/​Zithunzi patsamba 12]

MAFUMU A YUDA NDI A ISRAYELI

Sauli/​Davide/​Solomo: 1117/1077/1037 B.C.E. *

UFUMU WA YUDADETI DATE (B.C.E.) UFUMU WA ISRAYELI

Rehabiamu ․․․․․․ 997 ․․․․․․ Yerobiamu

Abiya/​Asa ․․․․ 980/978 ․․․․

․․ 976/975/952 ․․ Nadabu/​Basa/​Ela

․․ 951/951/951 ․․ Zimri/​Omri/​Tibini

․․․․․․ 940 ․․․․․․ Ahabu

Yehosafati ․․․․․․ 937 ․․․․․․

․․․․ 920/917 ․․․․ Ahaziya/​Yehoramu

Yehoramu ․․․․․․ 913 ․․․․․․

Ahaziya ․․․․․․ 906 ․․․․․․

(Ataliya) ․․․․․․ 905 ․․․․․․ Yehu

Yoasi ․․․․․․ 898 ․․․․․․

․․․․ 876/859 ․․․․ Yehoahazi/​Yoasi

Amaziya ․․․․․․ 858 ․․․․․․

․․․․․․ 844 ․․․․․․ Yerobiamu II

Azariya (Uziya) ․․․․․․ 829 ․․․․․․

․․ 803/791/791 ․․ Zekariya/​Salumu/​Menahemu

․․․․ 780/778 ․․․․ Pekahiya/​Peka

Yotamu/​Ahazi ․․․․ 777/762 ․․․․

․․․․․․ 758 ․․․․․․ Hoseya

Hezekiya ․․․․․․ 746 ․․․․․․

․․․․․․ 740 ․․․․․․ Mzinda wa Samariya unalandidwa

Manase/​Amoni/​Yosiya ․․ 716/661/659 ․․

Yehoahazi/​Yoyakimu ․․․․ 628/628 ․․․․

Yoyakini/​Zedekiya ․․․․ 618/617 ․․․․

Mzinda wa Yerusalemu uwonongedwa ․․․․․․ 607 ․․․․․․

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Chithunzi pamasamba 8, 9]

Namani anadzichepetsa ndipo anachiritsidwa mwa mphamvu ya Yehova

[Chithunzi pamasamba 8, 9]

Kodi n’chiyani chinam’chitikira Eliya pamene ‘anakwera kumwamba ndi kavulumvulu’?