AYO majambo ya kera si ayo muri Bibiliya. Mu binjana n’ibindi, abantu barayakoresheje kugira ngo berekane ko gukumira abakenyezi ata kibi kirimwo. No muri kino gihe, abantu bamwebamwe barenza urugero baracishimikiza ibivugwa mu bitabu vy’amadini kugira ngo bashigikire iciyumviro c’uko abakenyezi bakwiye kuganzwa, bakavuga ko abakenyezi ari bo nkwezi y’amarushwa ashikira umuryango w’abantu. None Imana yoba vy’ukuri yaripfuza ko abakenyezi basuzugurwa bakongera bagafatwa nabi n’abagabo? Bibiliya ibivugako iki? Reka tubirabe.

Abakenyezi boba baravumwe n’Imana?

Ihibambewe. Ahubwo riho, “ya nzoka yo mu ntango, iyitwa . . . Shetani,” ni yo ‘yavumwe’ n’Imana. (Ivyahishuwe 12:9; Itanguriro 3:14) Igihe Imana yabwira Adamu ko ‘yoganje’ umugore wiwe, ntiyariko yerekana ko ishigikiye ivy’uko umugore aba hasi y’umugabo. (Itanguriro 3:16) Imana yariko irerekana gusa ingaruka zibabaje igicumuro cogize kuri uwo mugabo n’umugore ba mbere.

Ku bw’ivyo rero, gufata nabi abakenyezi ntibijanye n’ivyo Imana igomba ahubwo biva ku kuba abantu ari abanyabicumuro. Bibiliya ntishigikira iciyumviro c’uko abagabo bakwiye kuganza abakenyezi kugira ngo ca gicumuro co mu ntango giharirwe.​—Abaroma 5:12.

Imana yoba yaremye umukenyezi ngo abe hasi y’umugabo?

Habe namba. Mw’​Itanguriro 1:27 havuga hati: “Imana irema umuntu mw’ishusho yayo, imurema mw’ishusho y’Imana; ibarema ari umugabo n’umugore.” Kuva mu ntango rero, abantu baremanywe ubushobozi bwo kugaragaza kamere z’Imana, baba ari abagabo canke abagore. Naho umwe wese hagati ya Adamu na Eva yari yaremwe mu buryo yisangije ku mubiri no mu bijanye n’inyiyumvo, bompi bashinzwe igikorwa kimwe kandi bari bafise uburenganzira bumwe imbere y’Umuremyi wabo.​—Itanguriro 1:28-31.

Imbere y’uko Imana irema Eva, yavuze ku bijanye na Adamu iti: “Ngiye kumukorera umufasha bikwiranye.” (Itanguriro 2:18) None iyo mvugo “umufasha bikwiranye” yoba yerekana ko umukenyezi ari hasi y’umugabo? Na buhoro! Kubera ko ijambo ry’igiheburayo ryahinduwe gutyo rishobora kandi guhindurwa ngo “umwunganizi.” Rimbura nk’akarorero ukuntu umuganga abaga  be n’uwusinziriza bunganirana mu gihe co kubaga umuntu. Mbega umwe yovyishoboza? Biragoye! Naho uwo muganga abaga ari we abaga nya muntu, vyoba bisobanura ko ari we ahambaye kuruta uwo wundi? Nta wovyemeza. Imana na yo nyene yaremye umugabo n’umugore ngo basenyere ku mugozi umwe, atari ukugira ngo bahiganwe.​—Itanguriro 2:24.

Ni igiki cerekana ko Imana yitaho abakenyezi?

Kubera ko Imana yabonye imbere y’igihe ivyo abagabo badatunganye kandi b’abanyabicumuro bokoze, kuva mu ntango yarerekanye ko yipfuza gukingira abakenyezi. Mu kuvuga ibijanye na rya Tegeko rya Musa, iryashizweho mu kinjana ca 16 B.G.C. (B.G.C. bisobanura “imbere y’igihe cacu”), umwanditsi umwe yitwa Laure Aynard, mu gitabu ciwe La Bible au féminin, avuga ati: “Akenshi, iyo rya Tegeko ry’isezerano rivuze ivyerekeye umukenyezi, ni ukugira ngo rimuburanire.”

Nk’akarorero, iryo Tegeko ryarategeka umwana kwubaha no gutera iteka se na nyina. (Kuvayo 20:12; 21:15, 17) Ryarasaba kandi ko umukenyezi yibungenze afatwa mu buryo bubereye. (Kuvayo 21:22) No muri kino gihe, ukuntu ayo mategeko y’Imana akingira abakenyezi biratandukanye rwose n’ukuntu usanga mu mihingo myinshi y’isi abakenyezi bamwebamwe bakwa uburenganzira bahabwa n’amategeko. Ariko rero, hariho n’ibindi vyerekana ko Imana yitaho abakenyezi.

Rya Tegeko Yehova Imana yaha ihanga rya Isirayeli ryaragirira akamaro kanini abantu, baba abagabo canke abakenyezi, rikabagirira akamaro ku mubiri, mu bijanye no kwigenza runtu no mu bijanye n’ubucuti bafitaniye n’Imana. Igihe cose iryo hanga ryumviriza ibiri muri iryo Tegeko kandi rikagamburuka vyaratuma rija “hejuru y’ayandi mahanga yo kw’isi.” (Gusubira mu vyagezwe 28:1, 2) None iryo Tegeko ryaha ikibanza ikihe umukenyezi? Rimbura ibikurikira:

1. Zina mukenyezi yari afise umwidegemvyo. Umwisirayelikazi ntiyari ameze nk’abakenyezi bo mu yandi mahanga menshi yo mu bihe vya kera, kuko wewe yari afise umwidegemvyo ku rugero rutari ruto. Naho umugabo ari we yahawe ibanga ryo kuba serugo, umugore yizigiwe n’umugabo wiwe yarashobora ‘kwiyumvira itongo,  akaryironsa’ akongera ‘agatera umurima w’imizabibu.’ Mu gihe yaba azi guhinga inyuzi no kujisha, yarashobora kwidandariza ivyo yaba yahinguye. (Imigani 31:11, 16-19) Mu gihe c’Itegeko rya Musa, umukenyezi yabonwa ko afise uburenganzira bumwegukira aho kubonwa gusa nk’ikintu cometswe ku mugabo.

Muri Isirayeli ya kera, umukenyezi yari arekuriwe no kugiranira ubucuti n’Imana ku giti ciwe. Nk’akarorero Bibiliya iravuga ivyerekeye Hana, uno akaba yarasenze Imana ku bijanye n’ikibazo camwega ubwiwe, yongera aragira indagano mw’ibanga. (1 Samweli 1:11, 24-28) Hari umukenyezi wo mu gisagara ca Shunemu yakunda kuja guhanuza umuhanuzi Elisha ku misi y’Isabato. (2 Abami 4:22-25) Hari n’abandi bakenyezi nka Debora na Hulida batewe agateka n’Imana ngo bayiserukire. Biri n’ico bivuze kubona abagabo bakomakomeye hamwe n’abaherezi batagonanwa kuja guhanuza abo bakenyezi.​—Abacamanza 4:4-8; 2 Abami 22:14-16, 20.

2. Baremererwa kwiga. Kubera ko abakenyezi na bo nyene bari mu bo Imana yahaye isezerano ry’Itegeko, barasabwa kuza kwumviriza igihe nya Tegeko ryaba ririko rirasomwa, ivyo bikaba vyarabaronsa akaryo ko kwiga. (Gusubira mu vyagezwe 31:12; Nehemiya 8:2, 8) Barashobora no kumenyerezwa kugira ngo bagire uruhara mu mice kanaka ijanye no gusengera Imana ku mugaragaro. Nk’akarorero, bisa n’uko abakenyezi bamwebamwe bakora “igikorwa gitunganijwe” cakorerwa kw’ihema ry’ihuriro, abandi na bo bakaba mu mugwi w’abaririmvyi ugizwe n’abagabo n’abakenyezi.​—Kuvayo 38:8; 1 Ngoma 25:5, 6.

Abakenyezi batari bake bari bafise ubuhinga n’ubumenyi vyabafasha gukora ivy’urudandaza rwinjiza cane. (Imigani 31:24) Mu mico kama y’ayandi mahanga y’ico gihe wasanga serugo ari we wenyene yigisha abana biwe b’abahungu, ariko muri Isirayeli hoho n’umukenyezi yaragira uruhara mu kwigisha abana biwe b’abahungu gushika bageze mu bigero. (Imigani 31:1) Biragaragara rero yuko abakenyezi bo muri Isirayeli ya kera baronka akaryo ko kwiga.

3. Barubahwa kandi baraterwa iteka. Ya Mabwirizwa cumi yaratomora ati: “Tera iteka so na nyoko.”  (Kuvayo 20:12) Mu migani ya wa mwami w’inkerebutsi Salomo, dusoma duti: “Umviriza mwananje, indero ya so wawe, kandi ntuhebe itegeko rya nyoko wawe.”​—Imigani 1:8.

Rya Tegeko rya Musa ryari ririmwo ingingo zitari nke zijanye n’ingene abatubakanye bari bakwiye gufatana, uw’igitsina-gabo akubaha uw’igitsina-gore. (Abalewi 18:6, 9; Gusubira mu vyagezwe 22:25, 26) Umunega mwiza yabwirizwa kutirengagiza ukuba umukenyezi wiwe atameze neza mu bijanye n’amagara.​—Abalewi 18:19.

4. Agateka kabo karakingirwa. Mw’Ijambo ryiwe, Yehova avuga ko ari “se w’impfuvyi [a]kaba n’umucamanza w’abapfakazi.” Mu yandi majambo, ni We yakingira agateka k’umwana atagira se canke k’umugore atagira umugabo. (Zaburi 68:5; Gusubira mu vyagezwe 10:17, 18) Nk’akarorero, igihe umupfakazi umwe asigwa n’umuhanuzi yarenganywa n’uwo yari afitiye ideni, Yehova yarahaserutse arakora igitangaro kugira ngo uwo mupfakazi abandanye kubaho yongere agumane agateka kiwe.​—2 Abami 4:1-7.

Imbere y’uko Abisirayeli binjira mu Gihugu c’isezerano, serugo umwe yitwa Zelofehadi yarapfuye adasize agahungu na kamwe. Abakobwa biwe batanu baciye basaba Musa ngo abahe ‘itongo bigabira’ muri nya Gihugu c’isezerano. Yehova yarabahaye ibiruta ivyo bari basavye. Yabwiye Musa ati: “[Nubahe] intoranwa bigabira hagati ya bene wabo na se, kandi uze ubahe intoranwa ya se.” Kuva ico gihe, abakenyezi bo muri Isirayeli barashobora kuronka ku bisigi vya ba se, mu nyuma na bo bakabiraga abana babo.​—Guharūra 27:1-8.

Mu gihe c’Itegeko rya Musa, abakenyezi bari bafise ikibanza giteye iteka, kandi agateka kabo karubahirizwa. Ariko rero, kuva mu kinjana ca kane B.G.C., idini ry’Abayuda ryaratanguye kugirwako akosho n’imico y’Abagiriki, iyashira hasi abakenyezi.​—Raba uruzitiro ruvuga ngo “Ugukumira abakenyezi kuvugwa mu vyandikano vya kera.”

Nk’akarorero, umuryoshamvugo w’Umugiriki yitwa Hésiode (wo mu kinjana c’umunani B.G.C.) yaregetse ku bakenyezi amabi yose ashikira umuryango w’abantu. Mu gitabu ciwe (Theogony), yavuze ko abakenyezi ari “ubwoko bubi cane . . . buba hagati mu bagabo, bukabakwegera akarambaraye.” Ico ciyumviro carakwiragiye mw’idini ry’Abayuda mu ntango z’ikinjana ca kabiri B.G.C. Igitabu kimwe kivuga ivy’Abayuda citwa Talimudi catunganijwe kuva mu kinjana ca kabiri G.C. (G.C. bisobanura “mu Gihe Cacu”), cahaye abagabo ingabisho igira iti: “Mwirinde kuganira cane n’abakenyezi, kuko vyohava bibashikana ku busambanyi.”

Mu binjana n’ibindi, ukwo kutizigira abakenyezi kwaragize ingaruka zikomeye ku ruhara rw’umukenyezi mu kibano c’Abayuda. Igihe Yezu yari ng’aha kw’isi, nta kindi kibanza co ku rusengero bari bemerewe gushikamwo uretse mu Kigo c’abagore. Abagabo ni bo bonyene bigishwa  ivy’idini, kandi bisa n’uko mu masinagogi abakenyezi bataja hamwe n’abagabo. Ca gitabu Talimudi twavuga, kirasubiramwo amajambo y’Umurabi (umwigisha w’ivy’idini) yavuze ati: “Uwo wese yigisha umukobwa wiwe Itorati [ni ukuvuga Itegeko] aba ariko amwigisha ubushirasoni.” Kuba indongozi z’idini ry’Abayuda zaragoreka ukuntu Imana ibona abakenyezi, vyatumye abagabo benshi basuzugura abakenyezi.

Igihe Yezu yari ng’aha kw’isi yarabonye ukuntu abakenyezi binubwa, bikaba vyari bimaze gushinga imizi cane mu migenzo y’abantu. (Matayo 15:6, 9; 26:7-11) None ivyo vyiyumviro vyoba vyaragize ico bihinduye ku kuntu Yezu yafata abakenyezi? Twigira iki ku kuntu yababona no ku kuntu yabafata? Ubukirisu bw’ukuri bwoba bwaratumye abakenyezi boroherwa? Ikiganiro gikurikira kirishura ivyo bibazo.