1-3. Dahme kahrehda e sohte mengei ong sapwellimen Sises tohnpadahk ko en kalohki rongamwahwo “ong aramas koaros”?

 SISES KRAIS ketikihong sapwellime tohnpadahk ko pwukoa laud ehu. E ketin kehkehlikihong irail: “Kohwei wasa koaros oh padahkihong tohn wehi kan koaros.” Irail anahne kalohki “rongamwahu en Wehin Koht . . . wasa koaros nin sampah, pwe kadehde en mie ong aramas koaros.”​—Mad. 24:14; 28:19.

² Tohnpadahk ko poakohng Sises oh rongamwahwo. Ahpw, ele re kin medewe: ‘Ia duwen atail kak kapwaiada dahme Sises ketin kehkehlikihong kitail?’ Keieu, re malaulau. Patehng met, re kin padahkihong aramas akan me Sises iei sapwellimen Koht Ohl, ahpw e ketin kamakamlahr. Oh pil, aramas tohto kin medewe me sapwellimen Sises tohnpadahk ko “sohte wad oh pil sohte iang sukuhl.” (Wiewia 4:13) Kaun en pelien lamalam en Suhs kan ale kasukuhl sang nan arail sukuhl kan, ahpw tohnpadahk ko sohte. Oh padahk me tohnpadahk ko kalohki sohte pahrekiong tiahk  kan en mehn Suhs me kaunen pelien lamalam kan padapadahngki erein sounpar tohtohie. Oh pwehki aramas ako nan Israel sohte kin wauneki tohnpadahk ko, ele re medewe ma mie emen nan wehi lapalap en Rom pahn rong irail.

³ Sises ketin katamankihong sapwellime tohnpadahk kan me aramas pahn kailongki oh kaloke irail oh me ekei irail pahn kamakamla. (Luk 21:16, 17) Kompoakparail oh arail peneinei kan pahn pangala irail. Ekei pil pahn kahdanekin pein irail sapwellimen Krais tohnpadahk kei ahpw re pahn padahngki padahk likamw kan. Tohnpadahk ko pahn kalohk wasa kan me direkihla mwersuwed oh tiahk lemei. (Mad. 24:10-12) Ia duwen arail pahn kak kalohk “lelohng ni irepen sampah”? (Wiewia 1:8) Tohnpadahk ko ele medewe ia duwen ar kak wia doadoahk wet mendahki kahpwal pwukat koaros.

4. Ia imwilahn arail doadoahk en kalohk?

⁴ Mendahki tohnpadahk ko ese me doadoahk wet sohte pahn mengei, re kin peikiong sapwellimen Sises kehkehlik oh kalohk nan Serusalem, Sameria oh pil nan sahpw teikan. Mwurin sounpar 30, re lella wasa tohto, kahrehda wahnpoaron Pohl kak nda me padahk en rongamwahwo “wiawihongehr aramas akan koaros nin sampah.” Oh aramas sang wehi tohtohie wiahla tohnpadahk kei. (Kol. 1:6, 23) Karasepe, ni Pohl eh kalohkla ni dekehn Saiprus, kepinahn Rom me adaneki Serkius Paulus pil wiahla emen tohnpadahk pwehki “e inenen pwuriamweikihla padahkpen Kaun-o.”​—Wadek Wiewia 13:6-12.

5. (a) Dahme Sises ketin inoukihong sapwellime tohnpadahk ko? (b) Dahme ehu pwuhken poadopoad koasoiahki mwehin wahnpoaron ko?

⁵ Sapwellimen Sises tohnpadahk kan ese me irail sohte kak kelehpw kapwaiada doadoahk en kalohk wet. Ahpw re pil ese me Sises ketin inoukihda me e pahn ketin ieiang irail oh me sapwellimen Koht manaman pahn sewese irail. (Mad. 28:20) Irair teikan en ahnsowo ele pil sewese tohnpadahk ko. Ehu pwuhken poadopoad kawehwehda me ni mwehin wahnpoaron ko ele wia ahnsou me keieu mwahu ong Kristian ko en tapiada kalohk, oh me Kristian kan mwuhr pehm me Koht me ketin kaunopada ahl wet ong irail.

6. Dahme kitail pahn koasoiapene (a) nan iren onop wet? (b) nan iren onop en mwuhr?

⁶ Ia duwe, Siohwa ketin wekidala mwekid kan ni mwehin tepin Kristian ko pwe ren kak wia doadoahk en kalohko? Paipel sohte mahsanih. Ahpw kitail ese me Siohwa ketin kupwurki sapwellime aramas akan en lohkiseli rongamwahwo oh me Sehdan sohte kak kauhdi irail. Nan iren onop wet, kitail pahn koasoiapene soahng kei me ele kamengeila doadoahk en kalohk ni mwehin tepin Kristian ko. Nan iren onop en mwuhr, kitail pahn koasoiapene soahng kei me sewese kitail nan atail ahnsou en kalohki rongamwahwo nan sampah pwon.

7. Dahkot Popohl en Wehin Rom, oh dahme kahrehda e weksang ahnsou teikan?

⁷ Ni mwehin tepin Kristian ko, ahnsou meleilei ehu nan wehin Rom kahrehda e mengeila ong tohnpadahk ko ren kalohk. Ahnsowo kin adaneki Popohl en Wehin Rom de ni lokaiahn Latin, Pax Romana. Erein ahnsowo, koperment en Rom kin katokehdi soangen uhwong koaros. Mehlel me mie mahwen kei nin duwen me Sises ketin kohpada. (Mad. 24:6) Mehn Rom kan kasohrehla Serusalem nan pahr 70, oh re iang pei nan mahwen tikitik teikan me wiawi karanih idin sapwarailo. Ahpw mie popohl nan pali laud en wehio, oh  e kamengeila sapwellimen Sises tohnpadahk ko en lella wasa kan oh kalohk. Ahnsoun popohl wet reireiki mpen sounpar 200. Ehu pwuhk koasoia me nan poadopoad en aramas, sohte pak ehu me popohl mihmihki ahnsou reirei me kamwakid aramas tohto.

8. Ia duwen Popohl en Wehin Rom eh sewese tohnpadahk ko?

⁸ Mpen sounpar 300 mwurin Krais, emen ohl me adaneki Origen ntingihdi duwen ahnsou meleileio. E nda me pwehki wehin Rom kaunda sahpw tohtohie, tohnpadahk ko kak kalohk nan sahpw ko koaros. Aramas ako sohte mahmahwen pwehn pere sapwarailo ahpw re kin kousoan nan arail kousapw ko ni meleilei. Eri Origen medewe me pwehki met, aramas tohto ahneki ahnsou mwahu en rong tohnpadahk ko padahngki duwen limpoak oh popohl. Mendahki tohnpadahk ko lelohng kalokolok, re doadoahngki ahnsou meleileio ni uwen me re kak oh kalohki rongamwahwo wasa koaros.​—Wadek Rom 12:18-21.

9, 10. Soahng dah kan me kamengeila en tohnpadahk ko ar lella wasa kan?

⁹ Mehn Rom akan wiahda arail ahl akan me reireiki mwail daulih 50,000 oh kereniong kadokepene wasa koaros nan wehio. Sounpei kehlail kan en Rom kak mwadang lella wasa sohte lipilipil nan ahl pwukat pwehn pere arail wasa oh kaunda mwahu towe kan. Kristian kan doadoahngki ahl pwukat pwehn kohlongala nan wel kan, nan sapwtehn kan, oh doudahla pohn nahna kan pwehn kalohk wasa tohtohie.

¹⁰ Patehng arail ahl akan, mehn Rom akan pil doadoahngki sohp kan. Re pil kin seiloak nan pillap oh dahu kan de nansed lelahng ni dak tohtohie nan wehio pwon. Mie elen seiloak nansed daulih 900 me mehn Rom akan kin doadoahngki. Eri Kristian kan pil kak seiloakseli ni arail kin doadoahngki sohp kan pwehn lella wasa tohto. Re sohte anahne doadoahngki doaropwehn seiloak kan, duwehte passport ape, pwehn pedolong nan ehu sahpw tohrohr. Oh sounpirap nanial kan pil malaulau pwehki re ese me mehn Rom akan pahn uhdahn kaloke laud aramas mwersuwed kan. Oh pwehki mie weren mehn Rom sohp en mahwen tohto me kin mihseli nansed, sounseiloak kan sohte kin perki irail me mwersuwed kan nansed. Mehnda ma Paipel mahsanih me Pohl kin iang sohp kan me ohla oh mwowihdi, oh me e kin mihla nan keper ekei pak nansed, sohte wasa kis me mahsanih me aramas mwersuwed kan nansed me kahrehda. Eri en doadoahngki ahl oh sohp kan sohte kin kalapw keper.​—2 Kor. 11:25, 26.

11. Dahme kahrehda tohnpadahk kan doadoahngki lokaiahn Krihk?

¹¹ Mehn Krihk Alexander Lapalap, kalowehdi wasa tohto sounpar kan mwohn mehn Rom kan kaunda. Eri aramas akan wasa ko esehla lokaiahki lokaiahn Krihk me adaneki Koine. Met kahrehda tohnpadahk ko kak kalohk ong ni arail doadoahngki lokaia wet. Oh re pil kak doadoahngki ire kan sang Palien Paipel ni Lokaiahn Ipru pwehki e kawehwehdier ni lokaiahn Krihk. Aramas tohto ese kawehwe wet me adaneki Septuagint, me mehn Suhs kan me mi Isip kawehwehdi. Sounnting en Paipel kan pil doadoahngki lokaiahn Krihk pwehn ntingihada Paipel. Mie lepin lokaia tohto ni lokaiahn Krihk, eri e mwahu en doadoahngki pwehn kawehwehda padahk mehlel en Paipel me loal kan. Oh lokaiahn Krihk sewese mwomwohdiso kan en kapehse nanpwungarail oh miniminpene.

12. (a) Dahieu codex, oh dahme kahrehda e mengei en doadoahngki met sang doaropwe limilim kan? (b) Iahd me pali laud en Kristian kan tapiada doadoahngki pwuhk kan?

 ¹² Dahme tepin Kristian kan doadoahngki pwehn padahngki duwen Paipel? Keieu, re doadoahngki doaropwe limilim kan. Ahpw e apwal en doadoahngki oh wahseli mepwukat. Ahnsou koaros me re men diarada iren Paipel ehu, re anahne kihpeseng oh pwurehng limpene. Nting kan kin kalapw mihte apali doaropwe limilim ko. Rongamwahu en Madiu kelehpw kak audehda doaropwe limilim ehu pwon. Mwuhr, mwohn pahr 100, aramas akan tepida doadoahngki pwuhk me tepin wiawihda me adaneki codex. Sounwadawad emen kak pahkpeseng pwuhk wet oh mengei en diarada iren Paipel kan. Soupoad kan nda me Kristian kan mwadang tepida doadoahngki pwuhk kan oh me mwurin pahr 100, pali laud en irail kin wie doadoahngki pwuhk kan.

13, 14. (a) Ia duwen Pohl eh wia towe mehlel en Rom men eh kin pere ih? (b) Ia duwen Kristian kan ar paiekihda kosonned en Rom?

¹³ Kristian kan ni mwehin wahnpoaron ko kin paiekihda kosonned en Rom. Karasepe, Pohl wia emen towe mehlel en Rom, oh kosonnedo kin pere ih ahnsou me e kin seiloakseli. Ni sounpei en Rom kan ar salihdi ih nan Serusalem oh pahn wokih ih, e nda me ih emen towe mehlel en Rom. E katamankihong kaunen sounpeio me e sapwung en wokih towe mehlel en Rom men ma sohte kopwung. Eri “ohl ako me pahn kapeidek Pohl ahpw kohkohlahsang. Eri, kaunen sounpeio ahpw masepwehkada ni eh wehwehkidahr me Pohl uhdahn towe mehlel men en wehin Rom me selkidier selmete.”​—Wiewia 22:25-29.

¹⁴ Pohl eh wia towe mehlel men pahn kosonned en Rom kin kamwakid ahn aramas ako arail wiewia ong ih nan Pilipai. (Wiewia 16:35-40) Oh ahnsou me pwihn ehu men uhwongada ekei Kristian ko nan Episos, emen sounnting en kahnimwo kameleileidi pokono oh mwuri, e katamankihong irail me re kauwelahr kosonned en Rom. (Wiewia 19:35-41) Mwuhr, ahnsou me Pohl mi nan Sesaria, e akupwungki eh pwuhng en kohla tuhwong nanmwarki en Rom. Wasao, e uhki rongamwahwo. (Wiewia 25:8-12) Eri Kristian kan doadoahngki kosonned en Rom pwe ren kak uhki oh kakehlaka nin duwen kosonned arail pwuhng en kalohk.​—Pil. 1:7.

15. Ia wasa mehn Suhs tohto kousoan ie ni mwehin tepin Kristian ko?

¹⁵ Pil mie mehkot tohrohr me sewese tepin Kristian kan en kalohk wasa koaros nin sampah. Ni ahnsowo, mie mehn Suhs kan nan sahpw tohto. Dahme kahrehda? Sounpar epwiki kei mwowe, mehn Asiria kan oh mwuhr mehn Papilon kan kalipilipala mehn Suhs kan sang sapwarail ko. Mwurin mehn Persia kan kalowehdi Papilon, mie mehn Suhs kan me kin kousoan nan wehin Persia. (Est. 9:30) Ni Sises eh ketiket nin sampah, mehn Suhs kan kin pil kousoan nan Isip oh wasa teikan nan paliepeng en Aperika, Krihs, nan sahpw me met adaneki Turkey, oh Mesopodamia. Roporop kasalehda me nanpwungen aramas wenedep (60,000,000) nan wehin Rom, daulih meh 4,000,000 me wia mehn Suhs. Sohte lipilipil wasa mehn Suhs kan kohla ie, re kin wahla arail pelien lamalam.​—Mad. 23:15.

16, 17. (a) Pwehki mie mehn Suhs nan sahpw tohto, ia duwen mehn liki kan ar paiekihda? (b) Ni ahl dah kan me Kristian kan kin idawehn dahme mehn Suhs ko wia?

¹⁶ Pwehki mie mehn Suhs kan nan sahpw tohto, mehn liki tohto ese duwen Palien Paipel ni Lokaiahn Ipru oh sukuhlkihdi dahme mehn Suhs kan kamehlele. Karasepe, re sukuhlkihdi me Koht mehlel mehtehmen oh me irail kan me kin papah ih anahne peikiong sapwellime kosonned kan. Re sukuhlkihdi me Palien Paipel ni Lokaiahn Ipru pwilisang rehn Koht oh audaudki kokohp tohto me pid duwen Mesaiao. (Luk 24:44) Eri ni ahnsou me Kristian kan kalohki rongamwahwo, mehn Suhs oh mehn liki kan esehier ekei soahng kan me Kristian ko kin padapadahngki. Pohl men rapahkihda aramas kan me pahn rong rongamwahwo. E kin kalapw kohla nan sinakoke en mehn Suhs ko oh doadoahngki Paipel oh kawehwehiong irail.​—Wadek Wiewia 17:1, 2.

¹⁷ Mehn Suhs kan kin kaukaule tuhpene ong kaudok, mehnda ma nan sinakoke kan de wasa kan liki. Re kin koulki koul kan, kapakap, oh koasoiapene Paipel. Kristian ko kin idawehn dahme irail kin wia oh rahnwet kitail pil kin wia duwehte nan atail mwomwohdiso.

18, 19. (a) Dahme irair kan ni mwehin tepin Kristian ko kahrehda en kak wiawi? (b) Ia duwen ire pwukat eh kamwakid omw pepehm ong Siohwa?

¹⁸ Mwehin Kristian ko wia ahnsou tohrohr ehu nan poadopoad. Nan wehin Rom, mie popohl, aramas tohto kak lokaiahki lokaia tehieu, oh arail kosonned kin pere towe kan. E kin mengei en lella wasa kan, oh aramas tohto nan sahpw teikan ese duwen mehn Suhs kan oh pil Palien Paipel ni Lokaiahn Ipru. Soahng pwukat koaros sewese Kristian kan ren pousehla doadoahko me Koht ketikihong irail.

¹⁹ Mpen sounpar 400 mwohn Sises ketido sampah, emen sounpadahk nan Krihk me adaneki Plato ntingihdi me e uhdahn apwal ong aramas en esehla Sounkapikadao oh re sohte kak koasoiaiong aramas koaros duwen ih. Ahpw, Sises mahsanih: “Mehkot me sohte mwahn kak pahn aramas, e uhdahn kak pahn Koht.” (Luk 18:27) E sansal me doadoahk en kalohk kak wiawi pwehki sapwellimen Siohwa sawas. Siohwa ketin kupwurki “tohn wehi kan koaros” en rong rongamwahwo oh esehla ih. (Mad. 28:19) Iren onop en mwuhr pahn kasalehiong kitail ia duwen doadoahk en kalohki rongamwahwo eh wiewiawi nin sampah nan atail ahnsou.