Bible Odu Idem ke Usem Oro Owo Mîsemke Aba
Bible Odu Idem ke Usem Oro Owo Mîsemke Aba
E EDIWAK isua ikie emi ẹbede, owo isemke aba n̄kpọ nte mbahade iba usem emi ẹdude ke ererimbot. Ẹsitre ndisem usem ke mme andito obio oro ẹsemde usem oro mîdụhe aba. Emi esinam ẹdọhọ ke “owo isemke aba” usem Latin, okposụkedi emi ẹkpepde enye ke ediwak ebiet, enye onyụn̄ edide akpan usem Obio Ukara Pope.
N̄ko, ẹkebem iso ẹkabade ndusụk Bible esịn ke usem Latin. Ndi mme utọ Bible oro ẹkabarede ẹsịn ke usem oro owo mîwakke aba ndisem do ẹkeme ndidu mfịn nnyụn̄ nnam ufọn nnọ mme andikot Bible? Edinem mbụk oro aban̄ade mme edikabade oro an̄wam nnyịn ibọrọ mbụme oro.
Mme Edikabade Usem Latin Oro Ẹbịghide Ẹkan
Ini kiet ko, Latin ekedi akpan usem Rome. Nte ededi, ke ini apostle Paul ekewetde n̄wed ọnọ ẹsọk mme Christian emi ẹkedude ke obio oro, enye ekewet ke usem Greek. * Oro ikedịghe mfịna, sia mme owo do ẹma ẹsisem usem Latin ye Greek. Sia ediwak mbon oro ẹkedụn̄de ke Rome ẹketode Asia n̄kan̄ emi ẹsisemde Greek, ẹkedọhọ ke obio oro ama akabade obio Greece. Ẹkesem nsio nsio usem ke nsio nsio ikpehe Obio Ukara Rome, edi nte obio ukara oro akatarade, ntre ke mme owo ẹkedọdiọn̄ ẹsem Latin. Emi ama anam ẹkabarede Edisana N̄wed Abasi ke usem Greek ẹsịn ke usem Latin. Etie nte ẹketọn̄ọ emi ke n̄kpọ nte isua 1,900 emi ẹkebede ke Edem Edere Africa.
Ẹkot nsio nsio edikabade oro ẹkesiode ẹdi Vetus Latina, m̀mê nsiondi Akani Latin. Idụhe akani uwetn̄kpọ usem Latin oro esịnede ofụri N̄wed Abasi oro odude tutu mfịn emi. Etie nte mme ikpehe oro ẹdude ẹsịm emi ye mme ikpehe oro mme ewet n̄wed eset ẹkekotde ẹto ẹwụt ke Vetus Latina ikedịghe ofụri n̄wed kiet. Etie nte ediwak mme akabade n̄wed ẹkekabarede nsio nsio ikpehe ke nsio nsio ini. Ke ntre, utu ke ndidi uwetn̄kpọ kiet, enye edi ediwak uwetn̄kpọ emi ẹkekabarede ẹto usem Greek.
Nsio nsio owo ndida ikpọn̄ n̄kabade ikpehe N̄wed Abasi nsịn ke usem Latin ama esịn ndutịme. Ke n̄kpọ nte isua 1,700 emi ẹkebede, Augustine emi ekedide ekpep ukpepn̄kpọ ido ukpono Catholic ọkọdọhọ ke “owo ekededi emi okokụtde uwetn̄kpọ usem Greek, emi okonyụn̄ ekerede ke imọ imọfiọk ọkpọkọm ata esisịt usem Greek ye Latin ama odomo ndikabade” uwetn̄kpọ oro nsịn ke usem Latin. Augustine ye mbon en̄wen ẹkekere ke edikabade emi ẹkedude ẹma ẹwak ẹkaha, ndien ikekereke ke mmọ ẹnen.
Edikabade Jerome
Owo emi okodomode nditre ndutịme emi ekedi Jerome, emi ekesinamde utom ndusụk ini nte ewetn̄wed Damasus, kpa bishop Rome, ke isua 382 E.N. Bishop oro ama ọdọhọ Jerome anam ndusụk ukpụhọde ke edikabade Gospel usem Latin, ndien Jerome ama okụre utom oro ke ufan̄ isua ifan̄. Ekem, enye ama ọtọn̄ọ ndinam ndusụk ukpụhọde ke mme n̄wed Bible eken ke usem Latin.
Jerome akada nsio nsio uwetn̄kpọ akabarede edikabade esie emi ẹkedide ẹdikot Vulgate. Jerome akakabarede Psalm oto Septuagint, edikabade N̄wed Abasi Usem Hebrew nsịn ke usem
Greek, oro ẹkekabarede ẹkụre ke n̄kpọ nte isua 2,200 emi ẹkebede. Enye ama anam ndusụk ukpụhọde ke mme Gospel, onyụn̄ akabarede ata akamba ikpehe N̄wed Abasi Usem Hebrew oto akpasarade usem Hebrew. Etie nte mbon en̄wen ẹma ẹnam ndusụk ukpụhọde ke mme ikpehe N̄wed Abasi eken. Nte ini akakade, ẹma ẹda mme ikpehe Vetus Latina ẹdian ye Vulgate Jerome.Owo ikamaha edikabade Jerome ke ntọn̄ọ ntọn̄ọ. Augustine ke idem esiemmọ ikamaha. Edi, ẹma ẹtọn̄ọ ndinyịme enye sụn̄sụn̄ nte uwetn̄kpọ oro ẹkesidade ẹkabarede Bible oro edide ẹboho kiet. Ke n̄kpọ nte isua 200 emi ẹkebede, mme utọ nditọ ukpepn̄kpọ nte Alcuin ye Theodulf ẹma ẹtọn̄ọ ndinen̄ede mme ndudue emi ẹkedude ke edikabade Jerome ke ntak edision̄o n̄wet ediwak ini. Mbon en̄wen ẹma ẹbaharede uwetn̄kpọ oro ẹdọn̄ ke ibuot ke ibuot, ndien emi ama anam emem utom ndikot N̄wed Abasi. Ke ini ẹkesiode ukwak umịn̄n̄wed oro ẹtan̄de-tan̄ mme abisi ẹdọn̄ ẹdi, edikabade Bible Jerome ke ẹkebem iso ẹmịn̄.
Akpa ini emi Ufọkabasi Catholic okokotde edikabade Jerome Vulgate ekedi ke Esop obio Trent ke isua 1546. Esop oro ama ọdọhọ ke Bible oro “edi se ẹkemede ndiberi edem,” onyụn̄ ọdọhọ ke enye edi uwetn̄kpọ oro mbon Catholic ẹkemede ndida nnam ndụn̄ọde. Esop oro ama onyụn̄ ọdọhọ ẹnam ndusụk ukpụhọde ke Bible oro. Mme san̄asan̄a kọmiti ẹkenyene ndise mban̄a utom emi, edi sia Pope Sixtus V mîkenyeneke ime ibet ẹkụre utom
emi, adianade ye emi enye okokụtde idem akaha, ama ada utom emi anam ke idemesie. Pope oro ama akpa ke isua 1590, kpa isua oro ẹketọn̄ọde ndimịn̄ nsiondi Bible oro enye akanamde mme ukpụhọde. Mme cardinal ẹma ẹsọsọp ẹsịn se mmọ ẹkekotde n̄wed emi ndudue ọyọhọde, ẹnyụn̄ ẹdọhọ ẹtre ndimịn̄ enye.Ẹkedi ẹdifiọk obufa edikabade emi ẹkemịn̄de ke isua 1592 ke idak Pope Clement VIII nte nsiondi Sixtine Clementine (nsiondi Sixtus ye Clement). Enye ekedi edikabade emi Ufọkabasi Catholic enyịmede ke ediwak isua. Vulgate Sixtus ye Clement ke ẹkesida ẹkabarede mme edikabade Catholic ke usem idahaemi, utọ nte enye emi Antonio Martini akakabarede esịn ke usem Italian, emi akakabarede okụre ke isua 1781.
Bible Eyomfịn ke Usem Latin
Edidụn̄ọde mme uwetn̄kpọ Bible ke isua ikie emi ẹbede ama anam ẹkụt ke oyom ẹnam ndusụk ukpụhọde ke Vulgate, ukem nte mme edikabade eken. Ke ntak emi, ke 1965, Ufọkabasi Catholic ama emek Kọmiti Obufa Vulgate onyụn̄ ọdọhọ kọmiti emi anam ndusụk ukpụhọde ke edikabade usem Latin nte ekemde ye ifiọk idahaemi. Ẹkenyene ndikama obufa edikabade emi ke mme edinam utuakibuot usem Latin.
Ẹkesio akpa ikpehe obufa edikabade emi ke 1969, ndien ke 1979, Pope John Paul II ama enyịme Nova Vulgata. Akpa nsiondi ama esịne enyịn̄ Abasi, Iahveh, ke ediwak ufan̄ikọ, esịnede Exodus 3:15 ye 6:3. Ndien, nte owo kiet ke kọmiti oro ọkọdọhọde, mbon oro ẹkekabarede udiana nsiondi oro ẹkenyịmede, emi ẹkesiode ke 1986, “ẹma ẹtua n̄kpọfiọk . . . ẹfiak ẹmen Dominus [‘Ọbọn̄’] ẹsịn ke itie Iahveh.”
Kpa nte owo mîkamaha Vulgate ke ediwak isua ikie emi ẹkebede, owo ikamaha Nova Vulgata, idem nditọ ukpepn̄kpọ Catholic ikamaha. Okposụkedi emi ẹkedọhọde ke
enye edi edikabade emi ẹdidiande kpukpru inua-okot ufọkabasi Christian ọtọkiet, ediwak owo ẹkese enye nte n̄kpọ eke mîyakke ẹnyene nneme ido ukpono, akpan akpan ke ntak emi ẹkedọhọde ke enye ke ẹdida ẹkabarede mme edikabade usem idahaemi. Ke Germany, Nova Vulgata ekesịn utọk ke ufọt mbon Protestant ye mbon Catholic ke ntak emi ẹkeyomde ndisio edikabade emi kpukpru ufọkabasi ẹdinyịmede ndi. Mbon Protestant ẹma ẹsụk mbon Catholic uyo ẹte ke ẹyom obufa edikabade ekekem ye Nova Vulgata.Okposụkedi emi owo mîsemke Latin ke ediwak ebiet, Bible usem Latin emebehe ata ediwak mme andikot Bible ke usụn̄ kiet m̀mê eken. Enye ke ẹda ẹsio mme enyịn̄ ikọ ido ukpono ke ediwak usem. Edi inamke n̄kpọ m̀mê ewe usem ke ẹda ẹsio Ikọ Abasi, enye aka iso ndinyene odudu, okpụhọ uwem ata ediwak owo emi ẹsụkde ibuot ẹdomo ndinam mme nti n̄kpọ emi enye ekpepde.—Mme Hebrew 4:12.
[Ikọ Idakisọn̄]
^ ikp. 5 Edieke oyomde ndifiọk mme ntak efen efen emi akanamde ẹwet N̄wed Abasi eke mme Christian ke usem Greek, se ibuotikọ oro “Ndi Ama Ọfiọk?” ke page 13.
[Se ẹwetde ke ikpọ abisi ke page 23]
Pope John Paul II ama enyịme Nova Vulgata. Akpa nsiondi ama esịne Iahveh enyịn̄ Abasi
[Ekebe ke page 21]
MME IKỌ ORO ẸKEKABAREDE EMI ẸNỊMDE MBỤK
Vetus Latina, emi ẹkekabarede ẹto usem Greek, ama esịne ediwak ikọ emi ẹkekabarede, emi ẹkenịmde mbụk. Kiet ke otu emi ekedi edikabade ikọ Greek oro di·a·theʹke, “ediomi,” nte testamentum, m̀mê “testament.” (2 Corinth 3:14) Nte ẹkekabarede ikọ emi anam ediwak owo ẹsụk ẹkot N̄wed Abasi Usem Hebrew Akani Testament, ẹkot N̄wed Abasi Usem Greek Obufa Testament.
[Ekebe ke page 23]
ITEM ORO ẸNENIDE
Ke ẹma ẹkenam utom ke isua inan̄, Esop Obio Ukara Pope Oro Esede Aban̄a Utuakibuot Abasi ye Ndutịm Edinam Ido Ukpono ama osio n̄wed item Liturgiam authenticam (Edinam Utuakibuot Oro Ẹkemede Ndiberi Edem) ke 2001. Ediwak nditọ ukpepn̄kpọ Catholic ẹsọn̄ọ ẹtịn̄ ke item emi inenke.
N̄wed item emi ọdọhọ ke sia Nova Vulgata edide nsiondi Bible oro ufọkabasi enyịmede, ke enye ke ẹkpeda ẹkabarede kpukpru edikabade en̄wen ekededi, idem edieke enye mîwetke nnennen se isịnede ke mme akpasarade uwetn̄kpọ eset. Ukara Ufọkabasi Catholic ẹdinyịme edikabade Bible edieke ẹnamde item emi. Item emi ọdọhọ ke mme edikabade Catholic, ke ẹkpenyene ndida “ikọ emi ọwọrọde ukem n̄kpọ ye” Dominus, m̀mê “Ọbọn̄,” n̄kabarede “enyịn̄ ata ọkpọsọn̄ Abasi emi ẹwetde ke mme abisi usem Hebrew inan̄ emi ẹkotde tetragrammaton (YHWH),” ke “usem ekededi oro ẹkabarede Bible ẹsịn,” kpa nte edide ke udiana nsiondi Nova Vulgata—okposụkedi oro akpa nsiondi ekewetde “Iahveh.” *
[Ikọ Idakisọn̄]
^ ikp. 29 Se ibuotikọ oro “Obio Ukara Pope Odomo Nditre Mme Owo Ndikot Enyịn̄ Abasi,” ke page 30.
[Ndise ke page 22]
Edikabade Bible usem Latin eke Alcuin, isua 800 E.N.
[Ebiet Ẹdade Ndise Ẹto]
Ẹda ẹto Paléographìe latine, eke F. Steffens (www.archivi.beniculturali.it)
[Mme ndise ke page 22]
Vulgate eke Sixtus ye Clement, 1592
[Ndise ke page 23]
Exodus 3:15, Nova Vulgata, 1979
[Ebiet Ẹdade Ndise Ẹto]
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